Transcript
METRO RAIL - THE DREAM PROJECT OF HYDERABAD
MISSION HMR “To create an efficient,safe,reliable,economical & world class public transportation system in Hyderabad which will facilitate the city’s transformation as a competitive global city with high quality of life.”
MISSION HMR “To create an efficient,safe,reliable,economical & world class public transportation system in Hyderabad which will facilitate the city’s transformation as a competitive global city with high quality of life.”
WHY METRO
Population stands at 8 million and is projected to touch 13.64 million by 2021. Currently, Currently, over 2.8 million personaliz pe rsonalized ed vehicles ply on Hyderabad roads, with an addition of 0.20 million vehicles every year. 8 million mil lion motorized motoriz ed trips trip s are made every every day, day, of which, only about 3.36 million mil lion or 42% are made by the Public Transportation System (PTS) i.e., buses and local trains. That means the rest of the trips are made by personal vehicles leading to to traffic bottlenecks, bottlenecks, high pollution levels levels and a steep increase in fuel consumption.
SOLUTION
The answer lies in Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS). According Acc ordingly ly,, the development development of Metro Metro Rail was approved approved for 71.16 km., covering covering three high h igh density traffic corridors of Hyderabad. The Project will be be developed on BOT basis in PPP mode.
P-P-P MODE
Public Private Partnership
SALIENT FEATURES
India’s first project signed by the GoI as public private partnership project in India.
Providing a complete elevated experience for the citizens through out a length of 71.16 kms. Longest elevated MRTS project in ASIA. Asia’s first elevated guide way accommodating two rail lines.
DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT
Project cost: Rs.14,132 Cr. A sum of Rs.1,458 Cr. is released by the GOI and the remaining investment Rs.12,674 Cr. is invested by the concessionaire. Additional amount of Rs.1,980 Cr. Is being spent by the govt of AP for land acquisition and other amenities.
The project is being carried out in 3 high density traffic corridors under PHASE-1.
Miyapur-L.B.Nagar (28.87 kms; 27 stations) travel time: 45 min Road: 1hr 45min. Secunderabad-Falaknuma (14.78kms; 16 stations) travel time: 22 min Road: 1hr 10min. Nagole-Shilparamam (27.51kms; 23 stations) travel time: 39min Road: 1hr 26min.
DESIGN CONCEPTS
Two tracks (up and down lines) on elevated viaduct of 9m wide erected on pillars in the central median of roads. Standard gauge track (1435 mm) to allow sharper curves and gradients. Speeds of 34 kmph on an average to 80 kmph max. Elevated world-class stations at 1 km distance with passenger access through staircases, escalators and lifts. Frequency of 3 to 5 minutes – is expected to carry about 14.76 lakh passengers p/day by 2015 and 22.13 lakh passengers p/day by 2025.
Continuously welded rails to minimize noise levels. 25 kV, 50 Hz AC through overhead catenary. AC coaches with automatic door movements and many other safety and comfort features. Automatic Train Control (ATC), Automatic Train Protection (ATP) & up gradation to Automatic Train Operation (ATO). Greater traffic carrying capacity. CCTV’s in stations for better security. Video cameras in coaches.
CONCESSIONAIRE
CONSULTANTS
An international MRTS consultancy LEWIS BERGERIndependent Engineer. AECOMM-General Consultant. 9 well experienced MRTS Engineers in the Experts panel of HMR.
CONCESSION AGREEMENT
On basis of DBFOT- Design, Build, Finance, Operate, Transfer. It is PPP – Public Private Partnership.
Conditions Precedent Concessionaire shall have : To provide performance security. To execute : Escrow Substitution Shareholders agreements. To provide true copies of financial package and models.
Government shall have :
To provide Right of Way to the site. To provide Right of Way for the construction of rail track in three corridors. To issue fare notifications.
Obligations of the concessionaire
Procure finance for and undertake the design, operation, construction and maintenance. Must not omit, which may violate the provisions of agreement. Support, cooperate with the government in the implementation. Change in ownership.
Obligations of Government
Maintenance obligation prior to the appointed date.
Obligations relating to competing facilities.
Obligations relating to supply of electricity.
Performance Security
The concessionaire provides an irrevocable and unconditional guarantee from a bank for 360 crores. Performance security is not provided within a period of 180 days from the date of agreement.
Right Of Way
Government grants access to the site for carrying out surveys, investigations, and soil tests. Initially, 90% of the R.O.W has to be given by the government or at a 2 km stretch.
Penalties In case of not fulfillment of clearance of right of way, the government shall pay 0.1% of performance security per day.
In case of not fulfillment in the construction, the concessionaire shall pay 0.2% of performance security.
SOIL INVESTIGATIONS
Field Tests - Bore Holes
Holes are drilled with respect to depth of investigation. Details of boring, reduced levels, SPT-N values are tabulated into bore logs and lithological logs. Undisturbed and disturbed samples are collected. This is terminated when: SPT-N value > 100 or CR=0 for 5m approx.
Field Tests - SPT Test
Split spoon sampler is lowered and driven under 63.5 kg load. Initial 15 cm is taken as seating drive. Number of blows for further 30 cm is recorded and it is the SPT-N value.
Laboratory Tests-Rock
Point Load Test
Density and Porosity
Compressive Strength Test
Chemical Analysis
Laboratory tests- Soil
Grain size analysis
Specific gravity
Moisture content
Atterberg’s limits
Subsoil Layer
Top layer : Fill material
Second layer : Silty sand / Clayey , with gravel
Third layer : Weathered granite rock of grade V and VI Fourth layer : Granite rock of grade I to IV
Shallow Foundations Bearing Capacity:
In sandy soils, φ is determined by Standard Penetration Test.
Φ is used for the determination of Ultimate bearing capacity. Safe bearing capacity : S.B.C = U.B.C / 2.5
Deep Foundations It transfers axial loads either substantially by friction along its shaft and by end bearing. Based on the present soil stratum, deep foundation will transfer loads predominantly by end bearing.
Drilled Shafts
Reduces time for foundation construction.
Minimizes the foot print area of construction.
It can be rested completely on weathered rock or sound rock strata.
Recommendations Allowable bearing capacity of shallow foundations can be increased by 33.33% in case of seismic or wind loading.
Pile foundation system is bored cast in-situ with a pile of diameter of 1 - 1.2 m with safe bearing capacity of 375 T to 550 T.
BH.NO
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION
RECOMMENDED FOUNDING ALLOWABLE STRATUM BEARING CAPACITY ( T/ sq.m)
BH-102
2.5
200
GRANITE ROCK I - IV
BH-103
3.0
50
CLAYEY SAND
Ordinary Portland cement having C3A content from 5 % to 8% , shall be used. Socket length shall be calculated based on vertical and lateral loads.
CONSTRUCTION OF PIERS FOR HYDERABAD METRO RAIL
STEPS INVOLVED IN PIER CONSTRUCTION
Excavation
Foundation and reinforcement
Shuttering
Erection of pier cap reinforcement
Concreting & compaction of concrete by layers
Deshuttering
Curing
EXCAVATION
Excavation is done by earthmoving equipment up to required area •
Excavated earth is dumped in city outskirts •
FOUNDATION AND REINFORCEMENT
Based on the subsoil profile and the type of the structures encountered at most of the locations shallow foundations can be adopted.
If the soil is weak, a Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) is used to gain the required strength.
A PCC layer of 100mm is laid and the foundation reinforcement is placed on it.
After the required reinforcement is placed the concreting for foundation footing is done & M35 grade is used, pedestal is constructed to a height of 0.5m
Pier starter is concreted up to 500mm. As per designs the reinforcement of pier is raised.
A PVC pipe of 500mm dia is provided in the reinforcement to drain away the rain water and it is connected to the local drain line.
An earthing rod is provided and is connected to the electrification poles.
SHUTTERING & REINFORCEMENT FOR PEDASTAL PIER STARTER
PEDASTAL
PIER STARTER
DRAINAGE PIPE AND EARTHING ROD
EARTHING ROD
SHUTTERING
A pre-fabricated shuttering is erected to required height.
The shuttering will rest on the manual jacks, and these jacks are rested on the concrete blocks placed around the foundation at same level.
With the help of manual jacks the height of the shuttering can be controlled.
FORM WORK MANUAL JACK
SHUTTERING
ERECTION OF PIERCAP REINFORCEMENT
As per the designs the pier cap reinforcement is done in the casting yard, and is dumped in the site. •
By using the crane the pier cap reinforcement is placed on pier reinforcement and is tied to the pier •
CONCRETING
Concreting of the pier is done, layer by layer.
M45 grade concrete is used.
Using the needle vibrator the compaction of the concrete is achieved and the walls of the shuttering are tapered with mallet to remove the voids.
DESHUTTERING AND CURING
After a minimum required strength of the concrete is achieved the shuttering is removed.
As it is a vertical raised structure curing is achieved by painting a chemical compound.
CASTING YARD
WHAT IS CASTING YARD?
An ex-situ place where segments to be elevated between the piers are cast.
Necessity of casting yard Since casting of segments needs large amounts of space the task of casting segments becomes tedious at site. •
Managing the traffic becomes a hectic job. •
So there comes a necessity for a casting yard to speed up the construction work in a safe manner. •
WORK AT CASTING YARD Various segments such as s1,s2,s3,s4,s4A,s5 are cast. •
Each segment is reinforced as per the design drawings in the reinforcement jig. •
After the reinforcement of the segments are done , they are removed from the jig and placed in the mould and concreting is done. •
BATCHING PLANT Various types of grades of concrete are also manufactured at casting yard in a batching plant. •
M35-Till Pedestal
•
M40-For the segments
•
M45-For the pier
•
DESIGN MIX PROPORTIONS Type
M35
M40
Cement
Fine Aggregate
Coarse Aggregate
1
1.6
2.78
1
1.6
2.9
METHODS OF CASTING Long line – multiple segments are cast. •
Short line – single segment is cast.
•
Various types of segments such as curved or straight are cast in the long line mould. •
Parts of long line mould are 1. Sawfitt 2. Outer form 3. Inner form 4 B lk h d •
Dimensions of segments cast are: Type
Length (m)
Width (m)
Centre
Side (m)
Depth(m ) S1
1.7
8.8
2.01
2.1
S2
3
8.8
2.01
2.1
S3
3
8.8
2.01
2.1
S4
3
8.8
2.01
2.1
S4A
3
8.8
2.01
2.1
Prestressed concrete is a method for overcoming concrete's natural weakness in tension. •
Prestressing can be accomplished in two ways: pre- tensioned and post tensioned. •
ALIGNMENT OF SEGMENTS
