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Understandable Electric Circuits

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viii 6 Understandable electric circuits 5.2 Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems 5.2.1 Introduction 5.2.2 Steps to apply Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems 5.2.3 Viewpoints of the theorems 5.3 Maximum power transfer 5.4 Millman’s and substitution theorems 5.4.1 Millman’s theorem 5.4.2 Substitution theorem Summary Experiment 5A: Superposition theorem Experiment 5B: Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems 133 133 135 139 147 151 151 152 155 156 158 Capacitors and inductors Objectives 6.1 Capacitor 6.1.1 The construction of a capacitor 6.1.2 Charging a capacitor 6.1.3 Energy storage element 6.1.4 Discharging a capacitor 6.1.5 Capacitance 6.1.6 Factors affecting capacitance 6.1.7 Leakage current 6.1.8 Breakdown voltage 6.1.9 Relationship between the current and voltage of a capacitor 6.1.10 Energy stored by a capacitor 6.2 Capacitors in series and parallel 6.2.1 Capacitors in series 6.2.2 Capacitors in parallel 6.2.3 Capacitors in series–parallel 6.3 Inductor 6.3.1 Electromagnetism induction 6.3.1.1 Electromagnetic field 6.3.1.2 Faraday’s law 6.3.1.3 Lenz’s law 6.3.2 Inductor 6.3.3 Self-inductance 6.3.4 Relationship between inductor voltage and current 6.3.5 Factors affecting inductance 6.3.6 The energy stored by an inductor 6.3.7 Winding resistor of an inductor 6.4 Inductors in series and parallel 6.4.1 Inductors in series 6.4.2 Inductors in parallel 6.4.3 Inductors in series–parallel 163 163 164 164 165 166 166 167 169 170 170 171 173 174 174 176 178 179 179 179 180 181 182 182 183 184 185 186 188 188 188 189