Ingles Basico English Book

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Inglés Básico 4 Inglés Básico Unidad I Socialización Objetivo Terminal
Expresar en forma oral y escrita, saludos, presentaciones, despedidas, permisos, disculpas y agradecimientos en el idioma Inglés. Contenido Saludos  Formales  Informales  Presentarse  Presentar a otros  Disculpas  Permisos  Agradecimientos Despedidas Presentaciones Expresiones Información de la unidad Las formas de relacionarse entre las personas son muy variadas. En Inglés se utilizan diversas expresiones que permiten el acercamiento o conocimiento entre las personas de manera formal e informal, desde el saludo hasta la manera de presentar a otras personas. En esta unidad el 5 Inglés Básico participante se relacionará con esas expresiones, permitiendo ponerlas en práctica entre sus compañeros. Grammar / Gramática Formal Greetings / Saludos Formales In the Morning / En la Mañana: Good Morning / Buenos Días In the Afternoon / En la Tarde: Good Afternoon / Buenas Tardes In the Evening / En la Noche: At Night / En la Noche Good Evening / Buenas Noches Informal Greetings / Saludos Informales Hi / Hello Hola How are you? ¿Cómo estás tú? / ¿Cómo está Usted? How do you do? ¿Cómo Está Usted? / ¿Cómo le va a usted? How do you feel? ¿Cómo se siente? Information Questions Answers Preguntas Informativas Respuestas Fine How are you? I’m very well Thanks I’m so so Thank you And you? Pretty Good Bien Estoy muy bien ¿Cómo estás tú? Estoy regular Y usted? Gracias Y tú? Muy bien En el inglés no se establece diferencia entre el usted (you) y tú (you) 6 Inglés Básico Farewell Expressions / Expresiones de Despedida Good Bye! Adios Bye! Adios See you Nos Vemos See you Tomorrow Hasta Mañana Later Nos vemos más Tarde Next Week Hasta la Próxima Semana Soon Hasta Pronto So long Hasta Luego Until Tomorrow Hasta Mañana Examples / Ejemplos Informal Dialogue / Dialogo Informal A: Hello Aurilu Hola Aurilu B: Hi Iralis. How are you? Hola Iralis. ¿Cómo estás? A: I’m fine thanks, and you? Estoy bien gracias, ¿y tú? B: Pretty Good Muy bien A: See you later Nos vemos más tarde B: See you! Nos vemos Formal Dialogue / Dialogo Formal A: Good Morning Mr. Rojas Buenos Días Sr. Rojas B: Good Morning Mrs. Smith Buenos Días Sra. Smith A: How do you do? ¿Cómo estas? B: I’m very well, thank you Estoy muy bien, gracias. Self Introduction / Presentación de sí mismo My name is… Mi nombre es… I am / I’m… Yo soy… 7 Inglés Básico Example: My name is Aurilu I am / I’m Alfred What’s your name? Mi nombre es Aurilu Yo soy Alfredo ¿Cuál es tu nombre? Introducing others / Presentando a otros Informal This is (Susan) Esta es (Susan) She is (Mirian) Ella es (Mirian) He is (Carlos) El es (Carlos) Nice to meet you Encantado (a) de conocerte Nice to meet you too Encantado (a) de conocerte también Example: A: Peter this is Marlene Pedro esta es Marlene B: Hi Marlene, I’m Peter Hola Marlene, Soy Pedro C: Hi Peter, Nice to meet you Hola Pedro, Encantada de conocerte B: Nice to meet you too Encantado de conocerte también Formal Let me introduce you to… Permitame presentarle a… How do you do? Encantado de conocerle (How do you do?, en este caso es utilizado como una respuesta más que como una pregunta y debe obtener una respuesta con la misma expresión) Glad to meet you Encantado de conocerle It’s a pleasure to meet you Es un placer conocerte (le) 8 Inglés Básico Example: A: Good Morning Mr. Rojas Buenos Días Sr. Rojas B: Good Morning Mr. Perez, Buenos Días Sr. Pérez Let me introduce you Miss Cabrera Permítame presentarle a la Srta. Cabrera C: How do you do? Encantada A: How do you do? Encantado Apologize Expressions / Expresiones de Disculpa Giving an Apologize / Dando una disculpa Excuse me Discúlpame / Discúlpeme I’m sorry Lo Siento / Lo Lamento Pardon Me Perdóname Forgive me Perdóname I beg your Pardon Perdóname Examples: Excuse me for coming late Discúlpeme por llegar tarde I’m sorry. Can you repeat? Lo siento, ¿Puede repetir? Accepting apologies / Aceptando disculpas Don’t worry No se preocupe It’s all right Está bien It’s OK Está bien No problem No hay problema 9 Inglés Básico Example: A: Excuse me for coming late Discúlpeme por llegar tarde B: That’s OK Está bien Expressions for asking permission / Expresiones para pedir permiso Excuse me Disculpe May I…? ¿Puedo yo? (Formal) Can I…? ¿Puedo yo? (Informal) Would you mind…? ¿Le importaría…? Example: Excuse me, May I come in? Disculpe, ¿Puedo entrar? Excuse me, Can I go out? Disculpe, ¿Puedo salir? Giving Permission / Concediendo Permiso Yes, you may Sí, tu puedes Yes, you can Sí, tu puedes Of course! Por Supuesto Sure Seguro Example: A: May I go out? ¿Puedo salir? B: Yes, you may Sí, tú puedes A: Thanks Gracias 10 Inglés Básico Refusing Permission / Rechazando Permiso You may/can not No puedes I’m sorry, you may not Lo siento, no puedes Of course not Por supuesto Example: A: May I use your pen? ¿Puedo utilizar tu bolígrafo? B: I’m sorry, you may not. Lo siento, no puedes Giving Thanks / Dar las gracias Thank you Gracias (Formal) Thanks Gracias (Informal) Thanks a lot Muchas Gracias Thank you very much Muchísimas gracias Accepting Thanks / Agradeciendo You’re welcome De nada That’s OK Está bien That’s all right Está bien Don’t mention it No hay de que Forget it! Olvidalo Not at all! Por nada 11 Inglés Básico Example: A: Can you lend me your pencil? ¿Puedes prestarme tu lapiz? B: Sure Seguro A: Thank you very much Muchísimas gracias B: You’re welcome De nada Pronouns / Pronombres Plural Singular Personal Pronouns (Pronombres Personales) I Yo Possessives Adjectives (Adjetivos Posesivos) My Mi, mis You Tú / Usted Your Su, sus He El His Su, sus She Ella Her Su, sus It Eso (a) / Esto (a) Its Su, sus We Nosotros (as) Our Nuestro You Ustedes Your Su, sus They Elllos / Ellas Their Su, sus El Pronombre Personal IT es utilizado sólo para animales o cosas en singular, y en plural se utiliza el pronombre personal They que es usado para personas, animales y cosas. Las formas posesivas utilizadas como adjetivos siempre preceden al nombre que modifican. Además como todos los adjetivos en Inglés, tienen la misma forma en el singular y el plural. 12 Inglés Básico Example: This is my apartment Este es mi apartamento Mary is in her house María está en su casa John is in his car José está en su carro Information Questions / Preguntas Informativas Information Questions Your What´s (what is) His Name? her Answers / Respuestas My His Her Vocabulary / Vocabulario Circle Círculo Complete Completar Come Venir Come in Entrar Example Ejemplo Exercise Ejercicio Farewells Despedidas Go Ir Go out Salir Greetings Saludos Listen Escuchar Miss. Señorita Mrs. Señora 13 Alice name´s (name is) Juan Marlene Inglés Básico Mr. Señor Speak Hablar Point Señalar Read Leer Use Utilizar / Usar Verbs Verbos Write Escribir Cardinal Numbers from 0 to 10 / Números cardinales de 0 a 10 0 Zero Cero 1 One Uno 2 Two Dos 3 Three Tres 4 Four Cuatro 5 Five Cinco 6 Six Seis 7 Seven Siete 8 Eight Ocho 9 Nine Nueve 10 Ten Diez 14 Inglés Básico Exercise 1 Listen, read and practice / Escuche, lea y practique - Hi, I’m Marlene - Hi, Marlene. My name is Dellys - Hello, Mr. López. - Hello, Mr. Rojas. How do you do?. Informal Greeting (Saludo Informal) Formal Greeting (Saludo Formal) Exercise 2 Written practice Complete this dialogue. Use greeting and good bye expressions. Complete este diálogo. Utilice expresiones de Saludos y Despedidas. A: ___________________ evening, students. B: Good ______________, teacher. A: ___________________ are you? B: Fine, _______________ and you? A: ____________________ thank you. B: Good _______________, students. 15 Inglés Básico A: See ________ ________, teacher. Exercise 3 Read and practice / Lea y Practique. - Martin, this is Marleny - Marleny, this is Martin. - Hi, Marleny. Nice to meet you. - Nice to meet you, too. - Mr. Lima this is Mr. Rojas. - Mr. Rojas this is Mr. Lima - How do you do Mr. Rojas?. - How do you do Mr. Lima? Formal introduction Presentación Formal Informal introduction Presentación Informal Exercise 4 Complete the conversation with greetings / Complete la conversación con saludos. Dellys: Alice Alice: Dellys 16 Inglés Básico Exercise 5 Write a dialogue introducing someone / Escriba un dialogo presentando a alguien. Exercise 6 Write a dialogue greeting someone / Escriba un dialogo saludando a alguien. 17 Inglés Básico Exercise 7 Read and practice / Lea y practique A. Excuse me. Can I use your pen? B. Sorry, you can’t A. Pardon me! May I use your dictionary? B. Yes, you may. A. Thanks a lot Exercise 8 Read and practice / Lea y practique A. I’m sorry B. That’s all right A. Pardon me B. That’s O.K. 18 Inglés Básico Exercise 9 Read and practice. / Lea y practique - May I come in? - Yes, you may - Thanks - Can I go out? - Yes, you can Exercise 10 Fill in the blanks with the possessive adjectives / Llene los espacios en blanco con los posesivos adjetivos. Example: Mary is in her room Anibal is in __________ house We are in __________ classroom The children are in __________ School Exercise 11 Complete the numbers. Complete los números One, two, _________, _________, _________, six, _________, _________, nine, _________. 19 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación A. Greeting People / Saludando Personas Complete the dialogue with the next expressions. Follow the example. / Complete el diálogo con las siguientes expresiones. Siga el ejemplo. Expressions: Thanks – Hi! – Good Morning – Thank you – How are you? Fine – I am very well Example / Ejemplo: Hi Roberto Fidel Roberto: , Fidel. Hello , Roberto. How are you? Fine, Thanks. Dialogue 1 Aura: Mario: (a) , Mario (c) (b) ? (d) Dialogue 2 Dr. Castillo: Mr. Lima: (a) Mr. Lima. Good Morning Dr. Castillo. (b) Dr. Castillo: ? (c) (d) B. Underline the correct answer for each greeting / Subraye la respuesta correcta para cada saludo. 20 Inglés Básico Example: Hello, Simón a) Thanks b) Hi, Antonio c) 1) Thank you, and you Good morning, Miss Castro a) Thank you b) Good morning c) Hello, Carlos 2) Hello Pedro a) Fine b) Thanks c) Hi, Lucy 3) Good morning, Mrs. Rojas a) Thank you b) Good morning c) Good morning Mrs. Rojas 4) Sorry a) Thanks b) It’s O.K. c) Nice to meet you 5) Forgive me! a) Glad to meet you b) Thank you c) It’s all right 21 Inglés Básico 6) I’m very sorry! a) That’s O.K. b) Hello c) Fine, thanks C. Complete this dialogue with the greetings and farewell expressions. / Complete el diálogo con expresiones de saludos y despedidas. A: Good (a) _______________Mr. Campos! B: Good Afternoon Mr. Guzmán. (b) _______________? A: I am very well, thank (c) _______________, and you? B: I am (d) _______________, (e) _______________. A: OK. See you (f) _______________ B: Good (g) _______________ D. Put in order the words below to make a question./ Coloque en orden las palabras de abajo para hacer una pregunta. Example: I - in - go - can - ? Can I go in? a) in - May - come - I - ? _____________________________________________________________ b) Can - me - I - Excuse - use - book - your - ? _____________________________________________________________ c) your - May - use - pencil - I - ? _____________________________________________________________ E. Write the numbers from one to ten / Escriba los números del uno al diez. _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________ . 22 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A) B) C) Dialogue 1 Dialogue 2 a) Hi / Hello a) Good Morning b) How are you b) How are you? c) Fine c) I am very well d) Thanks d) Thank you 1) b 2) c 3) b 4) b 5) c 6) a a) Afternoon b) How are you? c) You d) Fine / Very well / OK / Pretty Good e) Thanks f) Later g) Bye D) a) May I come in? b) Excuse me Can I use your book? c) May I use your pencil? E) One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten 23 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a ten (10) lines dialogue using the following expressions / Escriba un diálogo de 10 líneas utilizando las siguientes expresiones. - Greetings - Introducing someone - Accepting apologies - Giving thanks ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 Inglés Básico Unidad II Verbo to Be (Presente Simple) Objetivo Terminal
Construir oraciones en Inglés, en forma oral y escrita utilizando el verbo to be en presente simple. Contenido Uso del verbo to Be en presente simple Elementos de la oración  Sujeto  Pronombres  Sustantivos Artículos  Definidos (the)  Indefinidos (an, a) Alfabeto en Inglés Información de la unidad El verbo To Be (ser o estar) se presenta en las oraciones de las siguientes formas: am - are - is en tiempo presente. El sujeto de la oración, tal como sucede en castellano es de quien se habla en la oración. El pronombre es el elemento de la oración que puede sustituir al nombre o sustantivo. El sustantivo es el elemento referido a personas, animales o cosas dentro de la oración. 25 Inglés Básico El adjetivo es el elemento que puede acompañar al sustantivo para describirlo o asignarle una cualidad. Examples: I am a teacher. (Yo soy un profesor.) You are a student. (Yo soy un estudiante.) He is tall. (El es alto.) She is beautiful. (Ella es bella.) It is good. (Eso es bueno.) We are in the living room. (Nosotros estamos en el recibo.) You are from Caracas. (Tu eres de Caracas.) They are players. (Ellos son jugadores.) 26 Inglés Básico Grammar / Gramática Verb To Be Contraction Pronombres Personales Verbo Ser o Estar Contracciones I Am I’m You Are You’re He Is He’s She Is She’s It Is It’s We Are We’re You Are You’re They Are They’re Plural Singular Personal Pronouns Nota: El apóstrofe(‘) se utiliza para la contracción de los pronombres con el verbo to be, ejemplo: I am = I’m Questions with the Verb To Be / Preguntas con el Verbo Ser o Estar Yes, no questions (Preguntas Si / No) Possible answers (Posibles Respuestas) Are you a student? Yes, I am Are you from Maracay? No, I’m not. I’m from Caracas. Is Jane an artist? Yes, she is Is Paul Tall? No, he isn’t Is the class interesting? Yes, it is Are they friends? No, they aren’t 27 Inglés Básico Example: Are you single? Yes, I am or No I’m not. Sentences Structure / Estructura de la Oración I am a Student (Pronoun) (Verb) (Article) (Noun) Pronombre Verbo Artículo Sustantivo I am from Brazil (Pronoun) (Verb) (Preposition) (Noun) Pronombre Verbo Preposición Sustantivo She is beautiful (Pronoun) (Verb) (Adjective) Pronombre Verbo Adjetivo Los sustantivos en inglés pueden ser masculinos, femeninos o neutros: Son masculinos los nombres de varones y los de animales de sexo masculino Son femeninos los nombres de mujeres y los de animales de sexo femenino Son neutros los nombres de objetos inanimados El género de los sustantivos no afecta ni al artículo ni al adjetivo que los acompañan, ya que estos no varían de forma. Por ejemplo: The red car El carro rojo The red cars Los carros rojos 28 Inglés Básico Pero en cambio, si hay que tener en cuenta el género del sustantivo a la hora de sustituirlo por un pronombre personal: The boy is here He is here El niño está aquí Él está aquí. The car is big It is big El carro es grande Este es grande El plural de los sustantivos se forma añadiendo "s" a la forma singular: Cat – Cats Gato – Gatos Dog – Dogs Perro – Perros Pero si el sustantivo finaliza en "o", "ch", "sh", "ss", "x", para formar el plural hay que añadir "-es": Box – Boxes Caja – Cajas Potato – Potatoes Papa – Papas Y si finaliza por "y", tras una consonante, el plural se forma eliminando esta "y" y añadiendo la terminación "-ies": Copy – Copies Copia – Copias Lady – Ladies Dama – Damas Cuando el sustantivo termina en “-f” o “-fe”, el plural se forma eliminando estas y añadiendo la terminación “ves” Wife – Wives Esposa – Esposas Wolf – Wolves Lobo – Lobos 29 Inglés Básico Algunas palabras en inglés tan sólo tienen la forma plural: Pants Pantalones Scissors Tijeras Glasses Lentes Otras, en cambio, tan sólo tienen forma singular: Beauty Belleza Oil Petróleo Gold Oro Fish Pescado Existen también algunos plurales que son irregulares. A continuación se listan algunos de ellos: Man – Men Hombre – Hombres Woman – Women Mujer – Mujeres Tooth – Teeth Diente – Dientes Foot – Feet Pie – Pies Mouse – Mice Ratón – Ratones Child – Children Niño – Niños Goose – Geese Ganso – Gansos Articles / Artículos Definite Article / Artículo Definido En inglés se utiliza el Artículo The como el equivalente en español de “El, la, los, las” para personas o cosas específicas. Por ejemplo: Ana is the teacher in that school 30 Ana es la profesora en esa escuela Inglés Básico Indefinite Article El artículo indefinido en Inglés está representado por “a” o “an”, ambas significan en castellano “un, una” para personas o cosas en general. Se utiliza “a” antes de un sustantivo que inicie en consonante. Por ejemplo: Ana is a teacher Ana es una profesora Se utiliza “an” antes de un sustantivo que inicie con una vocal o una letra con sonido semivocálico. Por ejemplo: Jose is an engineer José es un ingeniero The Alphabet / El Alfabeto Capital Letters and Small Letters / Letras Mayúsculas y Letras Minúsculas Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz 31 Inglés Básico EXERCISES / EJERCICIOS Exercise 1 Complete the sentences with the Verb To Be in Simple Present. Complete las oraciones con el Verbo Ser o Estar en Presente Simple. Example: Rosita is _______is_________ an excellent engineer. 1. Fernando and Isabel ________________ doctors. They ________________ from Venezuela. 2. Caracas ________________ a big City 3. Pedro and I ________________ Venezuelans 4. John ________________ a good student Exercise 2 Complete the sentences using the personal pronouns. Complete las oraciones utilizando los pronombres personales. Example: (Maria) __She__ is a beautiful girl 1. (Rose and Helen) ________________ are good friends 2. (The Dog) ________________ is a nice animal 3. (Mary and I) ________________ are neighbors 4. (Juan) ________________ is my friend Exercise 3 Complete the sentences. Use the Definite or Indefinite article. Complete las oraciones. Utilice el Artículo Definido o Indefinido. 32 Inglés Básico Example: Jane is __a__ nurse 1. ________________ Supervisor is Pedro Diaz. 2. Peter is ________________ Doctor at the Central Hospital. 3. ________________ Secretaries in my company are beautiful. 4. He’s a teacher. He’s ________________ man. 5. John is ________________ actor. 6. John is from ________________ United States 7. Alfred is ________________ engineer Exercise 4 Practice the alphabet orally. Practique el alfabeto de forma oral. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 33 Inglés Básico Exercise 5 Practice the dialogue. Practique el dialogo. A. What’s your name, please? B. Pedro Yanez A. Can you spell your name? B. Y - a - n - e - z A. And your first name? B. P - e - d -r - o Exercise 6 Practice the dialogue. Practique el dialogo. A. What’s your name, please? B. José Tovar A. T - o - v - a - r? B. Yes, That’s right 34 Inglés Básico Vocabulary / Vocabulario Adjectives Bad Beautiful Big Doctor Engineer Fat Good Married Last name Name Nurse Occupations Of Course Second name Secretary Short Single Small Student Tall Teacher Thin Ugly Adjetivos Malo (a) Hermoso (a) Grande Doctor (a) Ingeniero (a) Gordo (a) Bueno (a) Casado (a) Apellido Enfermero Nombre Ocupaciones Por supuesto Segundo nombre Secretaria (o) Bajo (a) Soltero (a) Pequeño (a) Estudiante Alto (a) Profesor(a) Delgado (a) Feo (a) Cardinal Numbers from 11 to 20 / Números cardinales de 11 a 20 11 Eleven Once 12 Twelve Doce 13 Thirteen Trece 14 Fourteen Catorce 15 Fifteen Quince 16 Sixteen Dieciseis 17 Seventeen Diecisiete 18 Eighteen Dieciocho 19 Nineteen Diecinueve 20 Twenty Veinte 35 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación A. Ask and answer. Follow the example / Pregunte y responda. Siga el ejemplo. Example: (Peter / tall) Is Peter tall? Yes, he is (Lucia / beautiful 1. ? Yes, (Cindy and John / young) 2. ? No, (Joseph / tall ) 3. ? No, (You and I / friends) 4. ? Yes, B. Complete the dialogue. Use the correct form of the Verb to Be and the personal pronoun where necessary. Complete el dialogo. Utilice la forma correcta del Verbo ser o estar y el Pronombre personal donde sea necesario. Example: Mr. Lares isn’t a bad singer He’s a good singer Alex: Hello, Is this the English Language school? Betty: Yes, ____________________. May I help you? Alex: I like some, information about your program, please Betty: Of course 36 Inglés Básico Alex: ____________________ the class small? Betty: No, ____________________. We are about 25 people in class Alex: ____________________ the teachers experienced? Betty: Yes, ____________________. They are excellent teachers Alex: Thank you very much 37 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A. 1. Is Lucia beautiful? Yes, she is 2. Are Cindy and John young? No, they aren’t 3. Is Joseph tall? No, he isn’t 4. Are we friends? Yes, we are B. Betty: Alex: Betty: Alex: Betty: It is (it’s) is We aren’t Are They are 38 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a paragraph and describe some members of your neighborhood. Escriba un párrafo y describa algunos miembros de su vecindario. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 Inglés Básico Unidad III Estructuras que expresan existencia y cantidad Objetivo Terminal
Expresar en inglés, de forma oral y escrita, estructuras que indiquen existencia y cantidad en tiempo presente. Contenido Uso del there is, there are  Estructuras interrogativas  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas  Respuestas cortas y largas Uso del how many, how much Adverbios de cantidad  Contables  No contables Preposiciones Información de la unidad En inglés existen formas de decir hay, estas son: there is y there are. There is se usa cuando queremos expresar la existencia de una sola persona, animal o cosa, es decir en singular, por Ejemplo: There is a book on the table (Hay un libro sobre la mesa). 40 Inglés Básico There are se utiliza cuando se desea expresar la existencia de más de una persona, animal o cosa, es decir, en plural, por ejemplo: There are three pencils on the desk (Hay tres lápices sobre el escritorio). Para preguntar acerca de cantidades y valor se utilizan las estructuras de How many y How much. How much es utilizado para determinar la cantidad en singular de cosas que no pueden ser contadas como el agua, el aire, la comida e igualmente para preguntar por el precio o costo de algo, por ejemplo: How much water is there in the glass? (¿Cuánta agua hay en el vaso?) How much is this cheese sandwich? (¿Cuánto es este sándwich de queso?) How many es utilizado para preguntar por cantidades en plural (personas, animales, cosas), por ejemplo: How many chairs are there in the classroom? (¿Cuántas sillas hay en el salón de clase?) 41 Inglés Básico Grammar / Gramática There is / There are Singular Plural Affirmative There is There are Negative There isn’t There aren’t Interrogative Is there? Are there? Short Answers Yes, There is No, There isn’t Yes, there are No, there aren’t Countable Nouns (contables) Singular Uncountable Nouns (no contables) cream Plural a tomato Tomatoes sugar a can of soup cans of soup coffee a chair Chairs water one book Books Juice Some / any Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns Sustantivos Contables Sustantivos Incontables Affirmative There are some lemons. There’s some orange juice. Negative There aren’t any eggs. There isn’t any chicken. Interrogative Are there any sandwiches? Is there any milk? How much? / How many? Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns How many apples are there on the How much sugar is there in the table? cup? 42 Inglés Básico Prepositions / Preposiciones in on (en, dentro de) at (en, sobre de) (en, a un lado de) Examples: - The students are in the classroom. - The book is on the table. - The man is at the door. Preparing food / Preparando comida Exercise 1 Read and practice the conversation. Lea y practique la conversación Marlene: OK. We need two hundred grams of flour Alice: Yes. There’s some flour in the cupboard Marlene: Are there any eggs? Alice: Yes. I think there are three eggs in the fridge Marlene: Are there any lemons there, too? Alice: Marlene. There aren’t any lemons. Oh, sorry, there is one OK. There’s some milk and some butter in the fridge too 43 Inglés Básico Alice: Right. Oh no! There isn’t any sugar! Marlene: Yes, there is. It’s on the table. Exercise 2 Look at the picture above and make ten negative and affirmative sentences about it. Vea la figura de abajo y haga diez oraciones negativas y afirmativas acerca de ella. Example: There’s some milk. There isn’t any coffee ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 44 Inglés Básico Exercise 3 Write There’s or There are. Escriba There’s o There are Example: There are two knives in the kitchen. 1- a new camera on the table. 2- a big clock on the wall. 3- two oranges in the box. 4- five CDs in the CD player. 5- two telephones on the desk. 6- six people in the family. 7- a big television in the room. 8- two suitcases on the floor. 9- three books on the shelf. Exercise 4 Look at the picture, then answer the question. Vea la foto, luego responda a las preguntas. 45 Inglés Básico What is there in the picture? Example: There is a digital camera in the picture. There are books in the picture. 1234Exercise 5 Look at the picture, and then write a list of the things in it. Vea la foto, luego escriba una lista de cosas en ella. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 46 Inglés Básico ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Exercise 6 Ask and answer the questions: Is there…? / Are there…?. (Use the list from exercise 5). Pregunte y responda a las preguntas Is there…? / Are there…?. (Utilice la lista del ejercicio 5) Example: Is there a computer on your list? Yes, there is a computer on my list. No, there isn’t a computer on my list. Continue with the rest of the things / Continúe con el resto de las cosas. 47 Inglés Básico Exercise Nº 7 Answer these questions, affirmative or negative. Responda a las preguntas afirmativa o negativamente Example: Is there a cow in the classroom? Yes, There is a cow in the classroom No, there isn’t a cow in the classroom 1. Are there three doors in the house? ________________________ 2. Are there secretaries in that office? ________________________ 3. Is there a boy in your house? ________________________ 4. Is there any milk in the refrigerator? ________________________ 5. Are there any lemons in the fridge? ________________________ 6. Are there any sandwiches on the table? ________________________ 7. Is there any flour on the table? ________________________ 8. Is there a lemon in the fridge? ________________________ 9. Are there any horses in your house? ________________________ Exercise 8 Complete with: How much or How many. Complete con Cuanto o Cuántos. Example: 1 2 3 4 How much sugar is there in your coffee? milk is there in the glass? cars are there in the garage? men are there in your house? money is there in your pocket? 48 Inglés Básico Exercise 9 Answer the following questions. Responda a las siguientes preguntas. Example: How many people are there in your family? There are five people in my family 1. How much sugar is there in your coffee? ___________________________________________________________ 2. How many bathrooms are there in your house? ___________________________________________________________ 3. How much coffee is there in your cup? ___________________________________________________________ 4. How many children are there in that school? ___________________________________________________________ 49 Inglés Básico Vocabulary / Vocabulario Any Apple At Bathroom Big Black beans Book Box Bread Breakfast Bunch of grapes Butter Camera Can Carrot CD CD player Chair Chicken Clock Coffee Cream Cup Cupboard Desk Dinner Dish Egg Family Floor Flour Fridge Fried banana Fruit Glasses Grams House How much? In Juice Kitchen Knife Lemon Ninguno (a), ningunos (as) Manzana En Baño Grande Caraotas Libro Caja Pan Desayuno Racimo de uvas Mantequilla Cámara Lata Zanahoria Disco Compacto Equipo de sonido con CD Silla Pollo Reloj de pared Café Crema Taza Gabinete Escritorio Cena Plato Huevo Familia Piso Harina Refrigerador Tajada Fruta Lentes, espejuelos Gramos Casa Cuánto? Cuánta? En, dentro de Jugo Cocina Cuchillo Limón 50 Inglés Básico Lunch Meat Microwave Milk Mushroom Notebook Office On Orange Orange juice Papaya People Picture Plate Potato Rice Salad Sandwich School Scramble eggs Shelf Some Soup Spoon Sugar Suitcase Table Telephone Television Tomato Water Almuerzo Carne Microondas Leche Champiñones, hongos Cuaderno Oficina Sobre de Naranja Jugo de naranja Lechosa Gente, personas, población Cuadro, foto Plato Papa Arroz Ensalada Emparedado Escuela Huevos revueltos Estante Alguno (a), algunos (a) Sopa Cucharilla Azúcar Maleta Mesa Teléfono Televisión Tomate Agua 51 Inglés Básico Numbers / Números Treinta Cuarenta Cincuenta Sesenta Setenta Ochenta Noventa Cien Mil Diez Mil Cien Mil Un Millón Thirty Forty Fifty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety One Hundred One Thousand Ten Thousand One Hundred Thousand One Million 52 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación A. Look at the picture and write three questions / Vea la foto y escriba tres preguntas Breakfast / Desayuno Example : Is there any glass on the table? 1. 2. 3. B. Look at the picture and answer the following questions / Vea la foto y responda a las siguientes preguntas. Lunch / Almuerzo 53 Inglés Básico Example: Is there any fruit on the table? No, there isn’t any fruit on the table 1. Is there any papaya juice for lunch? ________________________________________________________ 2. Is there any chicken on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 3. Is there any salad on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 4. Are there any black beans on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 5. Is there any lettuce on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 6. Are there any potatoes on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 7. Is there any carrot on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 8. Is there any bread on the plate? ________________________________________________________ 9. Is there any corn flakes for lunch? ________________________________________________________ C. Look at the picture and answer the questions / Vea la foto y responda las siguientes preguntas. 54 Inglés Básico Example: How much bread is there in the picture? There’s some bread in the picture 1. How much cheese is there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 2. How many tomatoes are there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 3. How much meat is there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 4. How many potatoes are there in the picture? ________________________________________________________ 55 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A. 1- Is there any juice on the table? 2- Are there any cookies on the table? 3- Is there any dish on the table? B. 1- No, there isn’t any papaya juice for lunch. 2- Yes, there is some chicken on the plate. 3- Yes, there is some salad on the plate. 4- No, there aren’t any black beans on the plate. 5- Yes, there is some lettuce on the plate. 6- Yes, there are some potatoes on the plate. 7- Yes, there is some carrot on the plate. 8- No, there isn’t any bread on the plate. 9- No, there isn’t any corn flake for lunch. C. 1- There is a piece of cheese in the picture. 2- There are three potatoes in the picture. 3- There is some meat on the table. 4- There are two tomatoes in the picture. 56 Inglés Básico Written Work / Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write 15 negative and affirmative sentences about The Vacation Hotel. Use there is - there isn’t, there are - there aren’t. (Escriba 15 oraciones negativas y afirmativas acerca del Hotel de Vacaciones. Utilice there is - there isn’t, there are - there aren’t.) The Vacation Hotel In each room: At the hotel: - Bathroom - Two restaurants - Two beds - Four tennis court - A television - Two parking lots - Air conditioner Other facilities / Otras Comodidades - A radio - Beach - Refrigerator -Bank - Cellular phone - CD Player and VCR - Swimming pool - Gift shops - Golf fields 57 Inglés Básico Unidad IV Descripción de personas, cosas lugares y Objetivo Terminal
Describir en el idioma Inglés personas, cosas y lugares en forma oral y escrita. Contenido Descripción de la casa, el salón de clases, oficina, lugares, personas. Identificación de países, nacionalidades, idiomas. Relaciones familiares. Posesivos (‘s). Preguntas de información. Días de la semana, meses. Información de la unidad En el idioma Inglés usamos adjetivos para dscribir personas, animals y cosas, ejemplo: Big (grande) Tall (alto) Blue ( azul) A diferencia del español, los adjetivos va ubicados antes del sustantivo, ejemplo: This is a beautiful house. (Esta es una casa bella.) 56 Inglés Básico También pueden ir ubicados después del verbo, al final de una oración, ejemplo: María is intelligent. (María es inteligente.) Para indagar la procedencia de las personas se pregunta Where are you from? (¿De donde eres?) es muy importante que se use la preposición from en es6a presgunta, ya que su omisión cambiaría totalmente el significado de la misma. Ejemplo: Where are you? ( Donde estas?) Where are you from? (¿De donde eres?) El posesivo (‘s) es usado para indicar pertenencia, este se agrega al sustantivo, ejemplo: Miriam’s car. (El carro de Miriam) Podemos observar mediante el ejemplo que el sustantivo va en primer lugar y lo que se posee en segundo lugar. Es importante no confundir el posesivo (‘s) con la contracción del verbo to be, ejemplo: Miriam’s a student. ( Miriam es una estudiante. Miriam’s students (Los estudiantes de Miriam) Por otra parte si el sustantivo termina en “s” solo agregamos el apóstrofe (‘s), ejemplo: Luis’ dog. (El perro de Luis.) The students’ classrrom. (El salón de clase de los estudiantes.) 57 Inglés Básico Existen en Inglés las llamadas preguntas de información, que se usan para obtener una información determinada, ejemplo: a) What is your name? (¿Cuál es tu nombre?) Josefina. b) How are you? (¿Como estás?) Fine. 58 Inglés Básico Grammar / Gramática Adjectives / Adjetivos Questions / Preguntas What ‘s is are it Like? they Answers / Respuestas It They ‘s is ‘re are beautiful big fast blue new Ejemplo: It’s big. (Esto es grande.) It’s a big car. (Este es un carro grande.) They’re big. (Ellos son grandes.) They’re big cars. (Ellos son carros grandes.) Nota: Observe que los adjetivos en Inglés no tienen formas plurales. Questions / Preguntas What color is it? are they? Answers / Respuestas It They ‘s is ‘re are red, yellow, green, etc. 59 Inglés Básico Questions / Preguntas What kind is it? are they? Answers / Respuestas It They ‘s ‘re a Corvette Corvettes Country / País Nationality Nacionalidad Venezuela Colombia Brazil Cuba Portugal England The United States Venezuelan Colombian Brazilian Cuban Portuguese British American / Language / Idioma Spanish Spanish Portuguese Spanish Portuguese English English Adjectives / Adjetivos Colors / Colores White Black Orange Green Yellow Gray Red Pink Blue Gold Silver Purple Brown Blanco Negro Anaranjado Verde Amarillo Gris Rojo Rosado Azul Dorado Plateado Morado Marrón 60 Inglés Básico Other adjectives / Otros adjetivos Short Long High Beautiful Ugly Fast New Old Bajo / corto Largo Alto Bello Feo Rápido Nuevo viejo Parts of a house / Partes de una casa Bedroom Living room Bathroom Kitchen Dinning room Habitación Sala o recibo Baño Cocina Comedor Classroom / Salón de clases Students Board Desk Teacher Marker Eraser Book Notebook Workbook File Paper Dictionary Pencil Pen Air conditioner Estudiantes Pizarra Escritorio Profesor Marcador Borrador Libro Cuaderno Llibro de tarea Carpeta Papel Dicionario Lápiz Bolígrafo Acondicionador de aire 61 Inglés Básico Possesives / Posesivos Peter’s family José & Cristina Robert Ana Patty David Carlos Miriam Peter Kelly This is Peter’s family. José is his grandfather. Cristina is his grandmother. Ana is his aunt and Robert is his uncle. Robert is Ana’s husband. Ana is Robert’s wife. Patty is Robert and Ana’s daughter. She is Peter’s cousin. David and Miriam are his parents. David is his father and Miriam is his mother. Carlos is Peter’s brother and Kelly is his sister. Nota: ver significado de las palabras subrayadas en el vocabulario. 62 Inglés Básico Questions words / Palabras interrogativas What (¿Qué o cual?) What’s your name? My name is Miriam. When (¿Cuándo?) When’s your birthday? My birthday is in July. Where (¿Dónde?) Where are you? I’m at home. Who (¿Quién?) Who is your mother? Cristina. How (¿Cómo?) How are you? Fine, thanks Days of the week / Días de la semana Sunday Domingo Monday Lunes Tuesday Martes Wednesday Miércoles Thursday Jueves Friday Viernes Saturday Sábado 63 Inglés Básico Months of the year / Meses del año January Enero February Febrero March Marzo April Abril May Mayo June Junio July Julio August Agosto September Septiembre October Octubre November Noviembre December Diciembre 64 Inglés Básico Exercise 1 Write a short paragraph about your house. Example: My house is big. It′s a beautiful house. There are 3 bedrooms. They are big. The kitchen is small. There are 7 chairs in the living room. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Exercise 2 Read the following paragraph and identify the adjectives that describe the office and the classroom. 1. Our office is big. There are four small desks and two chairs. There′s a computer and 1 file, the file is brown. There are two pictures. They are very beautiful. 2. How is your classroom? (Describe your classroom). 65 Inglés Básico Exercise 3 Practice the dialogues 1) A: Where are you from? B: I′m from India, and you? A: I′m from Venezuela 2) A: Where is Nancy from? B: She’s from Canada. 3) A: Laura, where are you and Ricardo from? B: We′re from Cuba A: Oh, Are you from la Habana? B: Yes, we are A: And the Garcías?. B: They′re from Mexico. Exercise 4 Read and answer the questions / Lea y responda las preguntas. Vancouver is a city in Canada. It′s on the pacific Ocean. The city is wonderful. It′s clean. Almost three quarters of the population are of British ancestry. Other ethnic groups are east Indians. The food in Vancouver is varied and delicious. It′s a nice place for a vacation. 1. Where is Vancouver? ________________________________________________________ 2. Is Canada a city? ________________________________________________________ 3. Is Vancouver on the Atlantic Ocean? ________________________________________________________ 4. Is Vancouver a wonderful city? ________________________________________________________ 66 Inglés Básico Exercise 5 Write your family’s names. (Escribe los nombres de tu familia.) Grandmother __________________ Grandfather __________________ Father __________________ Mother __________________ Brother __________________ Sister __________________ Daughter __________________ Aunt __________________ Niece __________________ Nephew __________________ Uncle __________________ Exercise 6 Underline the possessives in the following sentences. Example: Pedro’s mother is a writer. 1. Pedro is with his dog. 2. The dogs’ food is on the table. 3. The dogs are in the garage. 4. Mary’s twenty years old. 5. The girls’ cousin are Fred and Tom. 6. The girls are dancing. 67 Inglés Básico Vocabulary / Vocabulario Meeting Country Seat Avenue Street Party Birthday Phone City Ancestry Place Appointment Husband Wife Son Daughter Brother Sister Grandfather Grandmother Uncle Aunt Cousin Niece Nephew Reunión País/campo Asiento Avenida Calle Fiesta Cumpleaños Teléfono Ciudad Ancestro Lugar Cita Esposo Esposa Hijo Hija Hermano Hermana Abuelo Abuela Tío Tía Primo Sobrina Sobrino Ordinal numbers 1st. First (primero) 2nd. Second (segundo) rd 3 . Third (tercero) 4th. Fourth (cuarto) 5th. Fifth (quinto) 6th. Sixth (sexto) 7th. Seventh (séptimo) 8th. Eighth (octavo) th 9 . Ninth (noveno) 10th. Tenth (décimo) 68 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación Part I Complete the sentences using the vocabulary about months and days of the week. (Complete las oraciones usando el vocabulario de meses y días de la semana.) Example: The first day of the week is Monday. 1. ____________ is after March. 2. ____________ is the month with less days. 3. In __________ we celebrate Christmas. 4. ____________ and ____________ are the days of the weekend. Part II Complete the following sentences. (Complete las siguientes orcaiones.) Example: My brother’s mother is my uncle. 1. My mother’s father is my _______________ 2. My father’s brother is my _______________ 3. My aunt’s daughter are my _______________ 4. My father and mother are my _______________ 69 Inglés Básico Part III Complete these sentences with the correct word. Use the words in the box below. (Complete estas oraciones con la palabra correcta. Use las palabras que se encuentran en el recuadro de abajo.) Example: Hugo is from Venezuela. His language is Spanish. Brazil – Spanish – Japan – Mexico – Venezuelan – England – Japanese 1. Sussy’s language is English. She is from ___________________ 2. Yokosuna is from ___________________ 3. Hideo Nomo’s language is ___________________ 4. Joao is from ____________. His language is Portuguese. Part IV Complete the sentences with the possessive (‘s). Use the noun in parenthesis. (Complete las oraciones con el posesivo. Use el sustantivo en paréntesis.) Example: Miriam’s students are intelligents. (Miriam) 1. _____________ car is beautiful. (My father) 2. _____________ house is big. (Julio) 3. _____________ friends are nice (The boys) 4. _____________ birthday is tomorrow (Luis) 5. _____________ plate is clean (The dogs) 70 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación Part I 1. April 2. February 3. December 4. Saturday – Sunday Part II 1. Mother 2. Grandfather 3. Uncle 4. Cousins 5. Parents Part III 1. England 2. Japan 3. Japanese 4. Brazil Part IV 1. My father’s 2. Julio’s 3. The boys’ 4. Luis’ 71 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito 1. Describe a classroom. Use adjectives. (Describe un salón de clases. Use adjetivos.) 2. Describe your house. (Describe tu casa) 72 Inglés Básico Unidad V Presente Continuo Objetivo Terminal
Construir oraciones en inglés, en forma oral y escrita, utilizando el presente continuo. Contenido Uso del Tiempo Presente Continuo  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas  Estructuras interrogativas  Respuestas Cortas Afirmativas y Negativas  Respuestas Largas Afirmativas y negativas La hora Información de la Unidad El presente continuo se forma con el verbo to be + el presente participio del verbo principal de la oración (verbo + ing). El Presente Participio también es llamado gerundio (ing). El “-ing” se forma agregando la partícula ing en la terminación de cada verbo. El gerundio en Castellano equivale a la terminación “-endo”, “-ando. Ejemplo: Work / Working (Trabajar / Trabajando) Read / Reading (Leer / Leyendo) Cuando queremos preguntar la hora en Inglés, podemos utilizar las siguientes preguntas: 73 Inglés Básico - What time is it? - What’s the time? Y para responder a estas dos preguntas utilizamos la expresión: - It’s one o’clock. ( 01:00 ) - It’s a quarter to five. ( 04:45 ) Cuando es la hora y media, se dice: - It’s half past four. ( 04:45 ) - It’s half after four. ( 04:30 ) - It’s four thirty. ( 04:30 ) Cuando faltan 15 minutos para la hora, se dice: - It’s a quarter to five. ( 04:45 ) - It’s fifteen minutes to five. ( 04:45 ) - It’s four forty five. ( 04:45 ) Cuando faltan minutos para la hora, se dice: - It’s twenty to five. ( 4:40 ) - It’s four forty. ( 4:40 ) - It’s ten to five. ( 4:50 ) - It’s ten past three. ( 03:10 ) - It’s ten after three. ( 03:10 ) - It’s twenty past four. ( 04:20 ) - It’s four twenty. ( 04:20 ) Otras: 74 Inglés Básico GRAMMAR Present Continuos Tense / Presente Continuo Afirmative Structures / Estructuras Afirmativas Subject + To Be + (Am, are, is) Verb (-ing) Examples / Ejemplos: Subject Verb To Be Gerund Complement (Sujeto) (Verbo ser o estar) (Gerundio) (Complemento) I Peter We am is are reading watching having a book T.V. lunch Negative Structures / Estructuras Negativas Subject + To Be (Am, are, is) + Not + Verb (-ing) Examples / Ejemplos: Subject Verb To Be I Peter We am Negative Gerund Complement not reading watching having a book T.V. lunch (Negación) isn’t aren’t Interrogative Structures / Estructuras Interrogativas To Be + (Am, are, is) Subject + Verb (-ing) 75 + Complement + ? Inglés Básico Examples / Ejemplos: Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar Are Is Are Subject Sujeto you Peter we Gerund Gerundio reading watching having Complement Complemento a book T.V. lunch Affirmative Short Answers / Respuestas Cortas Afirmativas Yes, + Subject + To Be (Am, are, is) Examples / Ejemplos: Affirmative Afirmación Yes, Yes, Yes, Subject Sujeto I He We Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar am is are Negative Short Answers / Respuestas Cortas Afirmativas No, + Subject + To Be (Am, are, is) + not Examples / Ejemplos: Affirmative Afirmación No, No, No, Subject Sujeto I He We 76 Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar am not isn’t aren’t ? ? ? ? Inglés Básico Information Questions / Preguntas Informativas Wh- Question + To Be + Subject (Am, are, is) + Verb (-ing) + ? Examples / Ejemplos: Wh-Question Pregunta WhWhat Where When Verb To Be Verbo Ser o Estar Are Is am Subject Sujeto you Peter I Gerund Gerundio reading playing leaving ? ? ? ? Examples / Ejemplos I am studying at INCE. (Estoy estudiando en el INCE) My father is working now. (Mi padre está trabajando ahora) We are speaking English in class. (Estamos hablando Inglés en clase) El gerundio es formado añadiendo la terminación "-ing" al infinitivo: To listen (escuchar) listening To hear (oir) hearing Si el verbo finaliza con una única "e", esta letra desaparece delante de "-ing": To come (venir) coming To write (escribir) writing Si el verbo tiene una sola sílaba, y ésta tiene una única vocal y finaliza en una única consonante, entonces esta consonante final se dobla: To cut (cortar) cutting To sit (sentarse) sitting 77 Inglés Básico Si el verbo tiene dos o más silabas, con el acento sobre la última, y ésta última sílaba contiene una sola vocal y finaliza en una única consonante, entonces esta consonante final también se dobla: To admit (admitir) admitting To begin (empezar) beginning Si el verbo termina por la consonante "l" detrás de una única vocal, esta consonante "l" se dobla: To cancel (cancelar) cancelling To impel (impulsar) impelling Si el verbo finaliza en "y", esta letra se mantiene y se le añade la terminación "-ing": To study (estudiar) studying To try (intentar) trying Read and practice these dialogues (Lea y practique estos diálogos) Are the children reading a book? (¿Están los niños leyendo un libro?) Yes, they are reading a book. (Si, ellos están leyendo un libro) 78 Inglés Básico Is Juan working or playing? (¿Está Juan trabajando o jugando?) He is working. (El está trabajando) Is Juan closing the door? (¿Esta Juan cerrando la puerta?) No, he isn’t. He’s fixing the door. (No, el no. El está reparando la puerta) Where are Peter and Fred walking? (¿Donde están caminando Peter y Fred?) They’re walking in the streets. (Ellos están caminando en las calles) 79 Inglés Básico What’s Luis doing? (¿Que está haciendo Luis?) He’s cooking. (El está cocinando) What’s he cooking? (¿Que está cocinando?) He’s cooking a barbecue. (El está cocinando una parrilla) - Anna: What’s your teacher doing? (¿Que está haciendo el profesor?) - Freddy: He’s talking to the students. (El está hablando a los estudiantes) - Mary: What’s your brother studying? (¿Qué está estudiando tu hermano?) - Paul: He’s studying mathematics. (El está estudiando matemáticas) 80 Inglés Básico Read and practice / Lea y Practique - Is Mary speaking with Ann? Yes, She is. - Are you writing? Yes, I am. - Is the man wearing jeans? Yes, he is. - Are you listening to the teacher? No, I am not. - Is Robert drinking juice? No, he isn’t. Read and practice / Lea y Practique - Are you working in the school? Yes, I am working in the school. - Is Luisa answering the questions? Yes, she is answering the questions. - Are you eating a sandwich? No, we aren’t eating a sandwich - Is Helen listening to music? No, she isn’t listening to music. 81 Inglés Básico Exercises a. Answer in affirmative form Example: Is the man writing? Yes, he is writing 1. Are the children playing trompo? 2. Are you coming to class? 3. Is she playing tennis? b. Answer in negative form Example: Is he going home? No, he isn’t going home 1. Is the teacher writing on the board? 2. Are they listening to the radio? 82 Inglés Básico 3. Are you speaking French? c. Answer according with the word in parenthesis Example What’s the girl drinking? (Milk) She’s drinking milk 1. What are the children flying? (Kite) _____________________________________________________________ 2. What are you studying now? (English) _____________________________________________________________ 3. What is she playing? (Volleyball) 83 Inglés Básico Vocabulary / Vocabulario VERBS ( Infinitive) GERUND (Verbos en Infinitivo) (Gerundio) to answer responder answering Respondiendo to close cerrar closing Cerrando to come venir Coming Viniendo to do hacer Doing Haciendo to drink tomar, beber drinking Tomando, bebiendo to eat comer Eating Comiendo to fix reparar Fixing Reparando to fly volar Flying Volando to go ir Going Iendo to open abrir Opening Abriendo to play jugar Playing Jugando to ride montar Riding Montando to sit down sentarse Sitting down Sentándose to speak hablar Speaking Hablando to stand up pararse Standing up Parándose to study estudiar Studying Estudiando to walk caminar Walking Caminando to watch ver, observar Watching Observando to wear llevar puesto Wearing Vistiendo to work trabajar Working Trabajando to write escribir Writing Escribiendo 84 Inglés Básico NOUNS OR SUSTANTIVES (Nombres o sustantivos) Board Pizarrón Child Niño Children Niños Class Clase Example Example Exercise Exercise Father Padre Garage Garage Garden Jardín Gerund Gerundio Girl Muchacha Home Hogar Jeans Pantalón de Jean Kite Papagayo Lesson Lección Man Hombre Mango Mango Men Hombres Mother Madre Nouns Sustantivos o nombres Radio Radio Sister Hermana Street (s) Calle (s) Student Estudiante Tea Té Teacher Profesor (a) Telephone Teléfono 85 Inglés Básico TIME (La hora) O’clock To Half Quarter Watch Clock Midday / Noon Midnight Weekdays Weekend Full time Tomorrow The day after tomorrow Yesterday The day before yesterday Minutes Seconds En punto Para Media Un cuarto Reloj de pulsera Reloj de pared Mediodía Medianoche Dias de la semana Fin de semana Tiempo completo Mañana Pasado mañana Ayer Antes de ayer Minutos Segundos 86 Inglés Básico 87 Inglés Básico Self - evaluation / Autoevaluación Part I Look at the picture and answer the questions. Vea la foto y responda las preguntas Example: Is the girl reading or writing? She’s writing 1. Are the children riding their bicycle or walking? _____________________________________ 2. Are they talking or watching TV? _____________________________________ 88 Inglés Básico 3. What is the boy doing? _____________________________________ 4. What is Susan doing? _____________________________________ Part II Answer in affirmative form Example: Is Ramon studying the lesson? Yes, he is studying the lesson. 1. Is Alice opening her book? __________________________________________ 2. Is the boy listening to the radio? _______________________________________ 3. Are the teachers speaking English? _______________________________________ 4. Are you answering the questions? _______________ ________________________ 89 Inglés Básico Part III Answer in negative form Example: Is he taking a test? No, he isn’t taking a test. 1. Are you taking a test? ___________________________________ 2. Is Pedro studying mathematics? ___________________________________ 3. Is she sitting down? ___________________________________ 4. Are they working now? __________________________________ Part IV Look at the picture. Answer in negative form and describe the action with the word in parenthesis. Example: Is the man reading a Spanish book? (English) No, he isn’t. He’s reading an English book. 90 Inglés Básico 1. Are they working? (play) _____________________________________ 2. Is the old man playing? (speak) _____________________________________ 3. Are you playing golf? (fish) _____________________________________ 4. Is he writing on the notebook? (board) _____________________________________ 91 Inglés Básico Part V Write the time. (Escriba la hora.) Example: What time is it? ( 4:20 ) It’s twenty past four. 1. ( 05:45 ) __________________________ 2. ( 12:00 ) __________________________ 3. ( 02:10 ) __________________________ 4. ( 03.15 ) __________________________ 5. ( 08:30 ) __________________________ 92 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación Part I 1. They are riding their bicycle. 2. They’re watching T.V. 3. He’s riding in the street. 4. She’s reading a book. Part II 1- Yes, she is opening her book. 2- Yes, he is listening to the radio. 3- Yes, they are speaking English. 4- Yes, I am answering the questions. Part III 1- No, I am not taking a test. 2- No, he isn’t studying mathematics. 3- No, she isn’t sitting down. 4- No, they aren’t working now. Part IV 1- No, they aren’t. They‘re playing. 2- No, he isn’t. He’s speaking. 3- No, I am not. I’m fishing. 4- No, he isn’t. He’s writing on the board. Part V 1- It’s a quarter to six. 93 Inglés Básico 2- It’s twelve o’clock 3- It’s ten past / after two. 4- It’s a quarter past / after three. 5- It’s half past eight. 94 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Describe the picture above. Use the Present Continuous Tense Example: There are two men fishing _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 95 Inglés Básico Unidad VI Auxiliares Do, Does y verbo to have Objetivo Terminal
Construir en Inglés oraciones interrogativas, afirmativas y negativas utilizando le tiempo presente simple y el verbo to have. Contenido
Uso de los auxiliares Do – Does
Uso del verbo to have
Adverbios de frecuencia
Likes and dislikes
Ocupaciones Información de la unidad Los auxiliares Do y Does, son utilizados con diferentes pronombres y nos permiten interrogar o negar en presente simple con los verbos regulares e irregulares, a excepción del verbo to be. El auxiliar Do debe ser utilizado con los siguientes pronombres: I Do You We They Example: I study English every day. (Yo estudio Inglés todos los días) 96 Inglés Básico Do you study English every day? (¿Tú estudias Inglés todo los días?) No, I don’t study English every day Y el auxiliar Does se utiliza con la terceras personas He Does She It Tenemos que destacar que el verbo principal de la oración debe estar en forma simple y cuando la oración está en tercera persona se le agrega al verbo principal la partícula “s” o “es”, dependiendo del verbo. Example: Alice studies English every day. (Alice estudia Inglés todos los días) Does she study English every day? (¿Ella estudia Inglés todos los días?) No, she doesn’t study English every day. los días) 97 (No, ella no estudia Inglés todos Inglés Básico GRAMMAR El auxiliar Do utilizado con los pronombres I, You, We, They, así como el Does con los pronombres She, He, It es omitido en las oraciones afirmativas y se escribe el verbo en su forma simple conservando la siguiente estructura: Example a) b) They play soccer on Sundays. Sujeto (s) verbo (v) complemento (c) Mario plays soccer on Sundays. Sujeto (s) verbo (v) complemento (c) Nota: Con las terceras personas al verbo principal de la oración se le agrega una (s). Uso del auxiliar Do I Do You We Study English? They Do You Study English? Auxiliar Subject / Sujeto Verb / verbo Complement / Complemento 98 Inglés Básico Sentences Changing to Questions (Cambio de oraciones afirmativas a preguntas) Examples You walk every day. (Tu caminas a diario) Do you walk every day? (¿Tu caminas a diario?) We eat in a restaurant. (Nosotros comemos en un restaurant) Do we eat in a restaurant? (¿Nosotros comemos en un restaurant?) Affirmative form (Oraciones afirmativas): Examples: Do they play football every day? (¿Ellos juegan football todos los días?) Yes, they do. Yes, they play football every day Si, ellos juegan futbol todos los días. 99 Inglés Básico Do you read History books? (¿Lees libros de Historia?) Yes, I do. Yes, I read History books. (Si, leo libros de Historia) Negative form (Oraciones negativas): Examples: Do they play football every day? No, they do not (don´t) No, they don´t play football every day. (No, ellos no juegan futbol todos los días) Do you read History books? No, I don´t. (do not) No, I don´t read History books. (No, no leo libros de Historia) 100 Inglés Básico Interrogative form: Para realizar formas interrogativas con los auxiliares Do - Does, seguimos el siguiente esquema: We They Do I Write books in English? You He Does She Write books in English? It En presencia del auxiliar Does en la oración interrogativa la (s) o (es) al final del verbo se omite. Ejemplo: a) I study English. (Yo estudio Inglés.) Do you study English? (¿Tu estudias Inglés?) b) He works everyday. (El trabaja todos los días.) Does he work everyday? (¿El trabaja todos los días?) 101 Inglés Básico Sentences Changing to interrogative form (Cambio de oraciones afirmativas a forma interrogative) Examples: I play the guitar. (Yo toco la guitarra) Do you play the guitar? (¿Tu tocas la guitarra?) She writes everyday. (Ella escribe todos los días) Does she write everyday? (¿Ella escribe todos los días?) He works every day. (El trabaja todos los días) Does he work every day? (¿El trabaja todos los días?) Affirmative form (Oraciones afirmativas): Examples: Do they eat fish? (¿Ellos comen pescado?) Yes, they do. (Si, ellos comen) Yes, they eat fish. (Si ellos comen pescado) Does she write in Spanish? (Ella escribe en Español) Yes, she does. Yes, she writes in Spanish. (Si, ella escribe en Español) Negative form (Oraciones negativas): Examples: 102 Inglés Básico Do they study English? (¿Ellos estudian Inglés?) No, they don’t. (No ellos no.) No, they don’t study English. (No, ellos no estudian Inglés) Do you read the newspaper? (¿Tu lees el periódico?) No, I don’t. ( No, yo no.) No, I don’t read the newspaper. (No, yo no leo el periódico) Does she clean the house every Saturday? (¿Ella limpia la casa todos los Sábados?) No, she doesn´t (does not) No, she doesn´t clean the house every Saturday. (No, ella no limpia la casa todos los Sábados) Does he clean the room? (¿El limpia la habitación?) No, he doesn´t. (does not) No, he doesn´t clean the room. (No, el no limpia la habitación) We can use these expressions to Express Likes and Dislikes (Podemos usar estas expresiones para decir lo que nos gusta o disgusta)  I like to dance Merengue Express Likes (Expresar gustos)  We like to study on weekends  She likes to work in the morning  She doesn’t like to play tennis. Express Dislikes (Expresar lo que no nos gusta)  Jhon doesn’t like to watch TV.  We don’t like to eat fish.  They don’t like to speak in class. 103 Inglés Básico OCCUPATIONS / OCUPACIONES En Inglés al igual que en Español existe una gama de ocupaciones, entre las cuales tenemos: Teacher Profesor (a) Student Estudiante Dentist Dentista Doctor Doctor Nurse Enfermera Accountant Contador Lawyer Abogado Waiter Mesonero Waitress Mesonera Actress Actriz Engineer Ingeniero Mechanic Mecánico Architect Arquitecto Housewife Ama de casa Cashier Cajero Manager Gerente Butcher Carnicero Baker Panadero Farmer granjero Ejemplo: - Sara is a lawyer. - Robert is an accountant. 104 Inglés Básico Nota: Es necesario colocar el artículo indeterminado o indefinido ( a / an ) antes de una ocupación. Simple Present / Presente Simple We also use the present simple to talk about things that happen repeatedly. (También usamos el presente simple para hablar acerca de las cosas que pasan repetidamente) always I / We / They study English usually play soccer often sometimes He / she / it studies French plays volleyball Rarely Never Examples:  I always study English.  They sometimes play volleyball.  He often studies English.  She usually plays Volleyball. VERBO TO HAVE / VERBO TENER En el idioma Inglés el verbo to have se considera como un verbo irregular, y en el tiempo presente simple se utiliza para expresar posesión (tener). 105 Inglés Básico En el tiempo presente simple el verbo to have presenta las siguientes conjugaciones: Affirmative form (Forma afirmativa) I He You have We has She It They Ejemplo: - I have a dog. (Yo tengo un perro) - Mary has three sisters. (Mary tiene tres hermanas) Negative form (Forma negativa) Se debe utilizar el auxiliar Do – Does en forma negativa Do not / Don’t o Does not / doesn’t y el to have debe ser expresada en su forma básica (have). I You We They Do not have Don’t have He She It 106 Does not have Doesn’t have Inglés Básico Ejemplo: - I don’t have problems. - Miriam doesn’t have problems. Interrogative form / Forma interrogative Debemos recordar que existen dos tipos de preguntas: a) Information question / Preguntas de información WH – Question + auxiliar + subjetc + have + complement ? Palabra interrogativa + auxiliar + sujeto + have + complemento ? Ejemplo : - What do you have in your pocket ? - I have money in my pocket. WH - Question words. ( Palabras interrogatives WH) What? ¿Que o cual? Where? ¿Donde? Who? ¿Quien? Why? ¿Por qué? When? ¿Cuando? Yes / No questions ( Preguntas Si / No) 107 Inglés Básico Para formular estas preguntas debemos seguir el siguiente patrón: Auxiliar Do / Does + subject + have + complement? (Auxiliar Do / Does + sujeto + have + complemento?) Ejemplo: Question (Pregunta) - Do Peter and Henry have classes? (¿Peter y Henry tienen clases?) Short affirmative/negative answer. (Respuesta corta afirmativa/negativa) - Yes, they do. (Si, ellos si) - No, they don’t (No, ellos no) Long affirmative answer. (Respuesta larga afirmativa) - Yes, they have classes. ( Si, ellos tienen clases) - No, they don’t have classes. ( No, ellos no tienen clases) Examples:  I have a pencil Do I have a pencil?  We have a teacher Do we have a teacher?  Alice has a car Does She have a car?  Carlos has a house Does he have a house? 108 Inglés Básico Exercises Exercise 1 a. Answer the following questions in affirmative and negative form. Example: Do you watch T.V. every Sunday? Yes, I watch T.V every Sunday. No, I don’t watch T.V every Sunday. 1. Does he dance Joropo music? 2. Do they read in English? b. Complete these sentences wiht Do – Does Jackie study French? We have classes everyday? The cat eat cheese? They clean the garage? c. Write 3 sentences and change to interrogative form. 1. 2. 109 Inglés Básico 3. Exercise 2 Complete the sentences with Do or Does. 1. ________ she go to the movies everyday? 2. ________ people eat breakfast at 7:30? 3. ________ Mr. Lander and his wife write a letter to his son? Exercise 3 Rewrite the sentences, using the adverb in parenthesis. Example: I have coffee in the morning (always) I always have coffee in the morning. 1. Her husband walks in the afternoon (often) _____________________________________________________________ 2. He goes shopping (sometimes) _____________________________________________________________ 3. We watch a movie on TV (seldom) _____________________________________________________________ 4. We are in bed before 12 (never) _____________________________________________________________ 5.- I am at work at 7:30 (usually) _____________________________________________________________ 110 Inglés Básico Exercise 4 Change to interrogative sentence. (Cambie a la forma interrogativa) Example: You have a cat. Do you have a cat? a. I have a bicycle b. Heleny has a sister. c. Wilfredo has a ball. Exercise 5 Underline the correct verb in parenthesis. (Subraye el verbo correcto) Example: My mother (have – has) a house 1. They (have – has) many students. 2. Belkis (have – has) two boys. 3. The dog (have – has) a bone. Exercise 6 Answer the following Questions. Give affirmative and negative long answers. (Responda las siguientes preguntas. Use respuestas largas afirmativas y negativas) 111 Inglés Básico Example: Do you have a notebook? Yes, I have a notebook. No, I don’t have a notebook 1. Does Aquiles have a horse? 2. Do we have a class? 3. Does Sonia have black eyes? 112 Inglés Básico Vocabulary Alone Also Always Bone Book Boy Change Clean Dance Eat Every day Friends Go Horse House Love Notebook Often Play Pocket Preference Put Read Say Sometimes Study Thing Usually Walk Wallet Watch Work Write Solo También Siempre Hueso Libro Muchacho / niño Cambiar Limpiar Bailar Comer Todos los días Amigos (as) Ir Caballo Casa Amar Cuaderno Frecuentemente Jugar Bolsillo Preferencia Colocar Leer Decir Algunas veces Estudiar Cosa Usualmente Caminar Billetera Mirar Trabajar Escribir 113 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación Part I Answer these questions in affirmative complete answers. ( Conteste estas preguntas en forma completa y afirmativa) Example: Do you go to school every day? Yes, I go to school everyday. 1. Does Mary live in Maracay? 2. Do we Speak English? 3. Does he Study every day? 4. Does she have to clean the apartment? 114 Inglés Básico Part II Complete these sentences. (Completar estas oraciones) Example: Does she live alone? No, she doesn´t. She lives with two friends. 1. ___________ your sister ________________ in Caracas? Yes, she ____________. 2. We ________ n’t ________ in a flat. We _____in a house. 3. Where _________ you _________________ ? I __________________ in Maracaibo. Part III Complete these sentences with: Has – have - do – does (Completar estas oraciones con has – have – do – does ) Example: She has a dog. 1. ________________ they work every day? 2. We ________________ five friends. 3. ________ Peter have a beautiful house?. Part IV Underline the correct verb or auxiliary in parenthesis. (Subrayar el everbo o auxiliary correcto) Example: She (write – writes) in English. 115 Inglés Básico a. Does Peter (play – plays) the piano? b. What (do – does) he like to Study? c. Do you (have – has) a blue car? d. Rosa (have – has) a pen. 116 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación Part I 1. Yes, she lives in Maracay. 2. Yes, we speak English. 3. Yes, he studies every day. 4. Yes, she has to clean the apartment. Part II 1. Does – live – does 2. Do – live - live 3. Do – live – live Part. III 1. Do 2. Have 3. Does Part. IV: a. Play b. Does c. Have d. Has 117 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a ten (10) lines paragraph about your preferences. Talk about what you like and dislike. (Escriba un parrafo de diez (10) líneas acerca de tus preferencias. Hable acerca de lo que le gusta y no le gusta) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 118 Inglés Básico Unidad VII Tiempo futuro. Objetivo Terminal
Construir oraciones en inglés en forma oral y escrita utilizando el going to y el auxiliar will. Contenido Tiempo futuro con will  Estructuras interrogativas  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas  Contracciones con will Tiempo futuro con going to  Estructuras interrogativas  Estructuras afirmativas  Estructuras negativas Información de la unidad Las formas simples de como construir el tiempo futuro en Inglés son: Futuro con Will Se construye con el sujeto, luego will, seguido por el verbo que determinará la acción futura y un complemento si es necesario. 119 Inglés Básico Ejemplo: I will study English tomorrow. (Yo estudiaré Inglés mañana) She will be in Maturín next August. (Ella estará en Maturin el próximo Agosto) Grammar SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: WILL (Tiempo futuro simple : will) Subject + will + verb + complement (Sujeto + will + verbo + complemento) Look at this: morning tomorrow I You He she It We They afternoon night will be there week do it next saturday april soon tonight Examples: You will be an important Doctor. (Tu sera un doctor importante) I’ll learn English. (Yo aprenderé Inglés) I’ll meet people from other country (Yo conoceré gente de otro país) I’ll win a price. (Yo ganaré un premio) I’ll have fun (Yo me divertiré) 120 Inglés Básico Nota: En los ejemplos anteriores aparece la contracción afirmativa del auxiliar will (‘ll), el cual se usa con todos los pronombres personales: I’ll, he’ll, she’ll, we’ll, you’ll, they’ll. We use Will when we decide to do something at the moment we talk. (Usamos “will” cuando decidimos hacer algo en el momento en que hablamos) Example: I´ll clean my house this afternoon (Yo limpiaré mi casa esta tarde.) We also use will to talk about predictions in the future. (También podemos usar “will” para hablar de predicciones en el futuro) Interrogative form. (Forma interrogativa) Yes/No questions. (Preguntas Si/No) Will + Subject + verb + complement? (Will + Sujeto + verbo + complemento?) Example: Will you sleep late? (¿Dormirás hasta tarde?) Will Henry travel to Europe next month? (Henry viajará a Europa el próximo mes? Information questions. (Preguntas de información) Wh – questions + will + subject + verb + complement? ( Palabra interrogativa + will + sujeto + verbo + complemento? ) 121 Inglés Básico Example: - What will you learn there? (¿Que aprenderás allá?) - Where will be the party tomorrow? (¿Donde sera la fiesta mañana?) Affirmative and negative answers. (Respuestas afirmativas y negativas) Example: Will you visit your relatives next vacation? (Visistarás a tus familiares las próximas vacaciones?) Yes, I will (Short answer) Yes, I’ll visit my relatives next vacation. (Long answer) No, I won’t. (Short answer) No, I won’t visit my relatives next vacation. (Long answer) FUTURE WITH VERB TO BE + GOING TO. (futuro con el verbo to be + going to) Subject + to be + going to + complement (Sujeto + to be + going to + complemento) Examples: I’m going to write a letter later. (Voy a escribir una carta más tarde) He’s going to work at the bank. (El va a trabajar en el banco.) It’s going to drink milk. (Va a tomar leche) Interrogative form. (Forma interrogative) 122 Inglés Básico Yes/No questions. (Preguntas Si/No) To be + Subject +going to + complement? (To be + sujeto + going to + complemento?) Example: Am I going to write a letter? Is he going to work at the bank? Is it going to drink milk? Information question. (Preguntas de información) Wh – questions + to be + subject + going to + verb + complement? ( Palabra interrogativa + to be + sujeto + going to + verbo + complemento ) Example: What is he going to do tonight? Where are you going to travel? Affirmative and negative answers. (Respuesta afirmativas y negativas) - Are you going to write a letter? (Vas tu a escribir una carta) Yes, I am. (Short answer) Yes, I am going to write a letter. (Long answer) No, I am not. (Short answer) No, I am not going to write a letter. (Long answer) 123 Inglés Básico Exercises Exercise 1 Give a complete answer in affirmative or negative form. (De una respuesta completa en forma afirmativa o negativa) Example: Will you play football tomorrow? Yes, I will play football tomorrow / No I won’t play football tomorrow. a. Will they learn a new Language? b. Will she cook next week? c. What will he do next Saturday? Exercise 2 Arrange these Sentences. (Ordene estas oraciones) Example: Go – will – Mérida – I – To - Tomorrow. I will go to Mérida tomorrow. 1. Will – move – she – to – Caracas – in – January. 2. They – travel – will – next – to – the beach - Saturday 124 Inglés Básico 3. Work – you – will – next - July Exercise 3 Write 3 Sentences Using Will”. (Escriba 3 oraciones usando “will”) Example: Teresa will travel to Japan next year. a. ________________________________________________________ b. ________________________________________________________ c. ________________________________________________________ Exercise 4 Read the following dialogue. (Lea el siguiente dialogo) Carlos: We’re going to play tennis this afternoon. Do you want to go? Alice: Thanks, but I’m going to stay at home this afternoon. I’m going to watch T.V. Exercise 5 Answer the following questions in affirmative or negative form. ( Respond alas siguientes preguntas en forma afirmativa o negativa) Ejemplo: Is she going to go to bed early? Yes, she’s going to go to bed early / No, she isn’t going to go to bed early. 125 Inglés Básico 1. Are they going to watch T.V.? 2. Are you going to cook dinner this afternoon? 3. Is he going to play next Sunday? 4. What are they going to do next Weekend? 126 Inglés Básico Vocabulary Next Sunday El próximo Domingo Next week La próxima semana Soon Pronto To come Venir To cook Cocinar To decide Decidir To go Ir To know Saber To play Jugar To Stay Quedarse To think Pensar To travel Viajar To watch Observar Tomorrow mañana morning Mañana en la mañana Tomorrow night Mañana en la noche 127 Inglés Básico Self - evaluation / Autoevaluación A) Complete the sentences. Use future with going to.(Complete las oraciones. Use futuro con going to) Example: Carlos is 1. Peter going to play soccer. going to study tonight. 2. Are you 3. What 4. ______ she B) cook dinner? they do this afternoon? go to the beach next Saturday? Ask someone if he or she is going to do the following activities. (Preguntar a alguien si el o ella va a hacer las actividades siguientes) Example: Cook dinner Are you going to cook dinner tonight? 1. Read the newspaper 2. Play baseball 3. Go to bed early 4. Wash your car 128 Inglés Básico C) Write Sentences using “Will”. (Escriba oraciones usando will) Example: Learn to speak English I will learn to speak English. 1. Travel a lot. 2. Move to a different city. 3. Be a good student. 4. Pass the English test. D) Complete these sentences. Use will or going to. (Complete estas oraciones. Use wil o going to) Example: Tomorrow we are going to 1. Don´t go out now. You get wet. 2. Look out! That ladder is 3. We’re 4. Look. It’s the beach. fall. have a baby. rain. 5. Don´t smoke that. You get sick. 129 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A) 1. Going to 2. Are - going to 3. Is - Going to B) 1. Are you going to play baseball this evening? 2. Are you going to go bed early this evening? 3. Are you going to wash your car this evening? C) 1. I will travel a lot. 2. I will move to a different city. 3. I will be a good student. 4. I will pass the English test. D) 1. Will 2. Going to 3. Going to 4. Going to 5. Will 130 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a ten (10) line dialogue talking about future actions. (Escriba un diálogo de 10 léneas acerca de acciones futures) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131 Inglés Básico Unidad VIII Verbo to be en pasado Objetivo Terminal
Construir oraciones en Inglés, en forma oral y escrita, utilizando el verbo to be en pasado. Contenido Verbo to be en pasado  Was, were Uso del:  There was  There were Información de la unidad En esta unidad utilizamos el verbo to be (ser o estar) para expresar acciones realizadas en tiempo pasado (was, were), al igual que podemos expresar una relación de existencia del pasado (there was, there were). 132 Inglés Básico Grammar Past tense of to be : was - were (Pasado del verbo to be: was – were) was I You were She He here was there It We You were They Negative form (forma negative) I he was + not = wasn’t she it we you = were + not = weren’t they 133 yesterday last week Inglés Básico Examples: A. Affirmative sentences (Oraciones afirmativas) Subject + to be (Sujeto + to be + + Complement complemento) I was at home yesterday She was in the library last week They were in the stadium last night You were in the park this morning B. Interrogative question form with was – were (Oraciones interrogatives: was – were) to be (¿to be + + Subject + Complement? sujeto + complemento?) Was I in the house yesterday? Was She in the library last week? Were They in the stadium last night? Were You in the park this morning? Question form (Oraciones interrogatives) I She was He It We were You they there? there? Affirmative answer Yes, I – he – she – it Yes, you - we – they Negative answer No, I – he – she – it No, you - we – they 134 was were wasn’t weren’t Inglés Básico Quantity expressions (expresiones de cantidad) was There There Were wasn’t weren’t Question form (Oraciones interrogativas) Was a book on the table? There Were apples on the table? Affirmative answer Yes, there was a book on the table. (Si, había un libro sobre la mesa) Yes, there were apples on the table. (Si, habían manzanas sobre la mesa) Negative answer No, there wasn’t a book on the table. (No, no había un libro sobre la mesa) No, there weren’t apples on the table. (No, no habían manzanas sobre la mesa) Estas estructuras también pueden ser respondidas en forma corta. Ejemplo: Was there a teacher in class? Yes, there was. No, there wasn’t. 135 Inglés Básico Were there books on the table Yes, there were. No, there weren’t. Nota: There was not = There wasn’t There were not = There weren’t Affirmative answer Was - Were 1. Were you in the house yesterday? (¿Estabas tu en la casa ayer?) a) Yes, I was. b) Yes, I was in the house yesterday. (Si, yo estaba en la casa ayer) 2. Were you in the park this morning? (¿Estabas en el parque esta mañana?) a) Yes, I was. b) Yes, I was in the park this morning. (Si, yo estaba en el parque esta mañana) Negative answer Wasn’t – Weren’t 1. Were you in the school last week? (¿Estabas en la escuela la semana pasada? a. No, I wasn’t. b. No, I wasn’t in the school last week. (No, yo no estuve en la escuela la semana pasada) 136 Inglés Básico 2. Was she at el the university last year? (¿Estaba ella en la Universidad año pasado?) a. No, she wasn’t b. No, she wasn’t at the university last year. (No, ella no estaba en la Universidad la semana pasada) Exercises 1. Change the following sentences to the interrogative form. (Cambie las siguientes oraciones a la forma interrogativa) Example: She was at the disco last Saturday Was she at the disco last Saturday? 1-Mary and Rose were students last year. _______________________________ 2-The secretary was in the office. _______________________________ 3-The dog was in the park. _______________________________ 4- The doctors were in the hospital. _______________________________ 2. Answer in a complete negative form. (Conteste en forma negativa y completa) 137 Inglés Básico Example: Was Robert at the beach last weekend? No, he wasn’t at the beach last weekend. 1-Was Margaret in the country? ________________________________ 2-Were Pedro and Betsy very happy at the party? ________________________________ 3-Were you in class this morning? ________________________________ 4-Was your father at home yesterday? ________________________________ 3. Answer in a complete affirmative form. (Conteste en forma afirmativa y completa) Example: Were the students in class? Yes, they were in class. 1. Was the man at the park? ________________________________ 2. Were they in the patio? ________________________________ 3. Were you a teacher in the school? ________________________________ 138 Inglés Básico 4. Underline the correct word in parenthesis. (Subrayar la palabra correcta en parentesis) Example: I (was were) a secretary. 1- They (wasn’t weren’t) in Maracaibo. 2- Margaret (was were) a nurse here. 3- The children (were was) in the laboratory this morning. 5. Complete the dialogue. Use was-were-wasn’t-weren’t. (Complete el diálogo. Use was – were – wasn’t – weren’t) Example Julia: Andres, were you at the party last night? Andres: Yes, I _______ Julia: _________ Margaret and Peter there? Andres: No, they ___________ 6. Complete with was - were – wasn’t – weren’t (Complete con was – were – wasn’t – weren’t) Example There were many people at the beach 1.- There _________ lots of baseball players there last night. 2.- There _________ few fruits in the refrigerator. 3.- There _________ much money in my pocket. 4.- There _________ some dictionaries here yesterday. 139 Inglés Básico 7. Change into negative sentences. (Cambie a la forma negativa) Example There were pencils on the chairs. There weren’t pencils on the chairs. 1. There was a man in the drugstore. ___________________________ 2. There were four cars in the garage. ___________________________ 3. There were lots of books here yesterday. ___________________________ 4. There was a doctor in the hospital. ___________________________ 8. Change to interrogative form. (Cambie a la forma interrogative) Example: There was a beautiful girl at the meeting. Was there a beautiful girl at the meeting? 1. There were many dogs in your house. _______________________________ 2. There was a lot of coffee in the pot. _______________________________ 140 Inglés Básico 3. There were two men standing at the door. _______________________________ 4. There was a child at home. _______________________________ Exercise 9 A.- Read the paragraph. (Lea el parrafo) Regina lived in La Victoria Aragua State eight years ago. Her house was near Jose Felix Ribas Square, downtown. There was a big avenue near her home, there were many shops, four restaurants, two banks and a theatre on the avenue. She liked her house very much. B.- Answer the questions about the paragraph. (Responda las preguntas acerca del párrafo) Example Was there a big avenue near her home? Yes, there was 1.- How many shops were there on the avenue? ________________________________________________________ 2.- Was her house far from downtown? ________________________________________________________ 3.- What square was near her house? ________________________________________________________ 4.- How many theatres were there? ________________________________________________________ 141 Inglés Básico C.- Underline the correct answer. (Subraye la respuesta correcta) Example: There ( was – were ) many shops near her house. 1. There ( was – were ) a big avenue in La Victoria. 2. There ( was – were ) two banks in the avenue. 3. There ( was – were ) a square near her house. 10. Complete the conversation. Use was – wasn’t – were – weren’t. (Complete la conversación. Use was – wasn’t – were – weren’t) Example: Pedro: Where were you last night? Alice: I _______ at home. Pedro: No, you ___________ I phoned you and you __________ there. Alice: I _____________ with my friend Daysi. 11. Complete with the question words. Use how many – where – when – what. Example: How many books were on the table? 1.- ___________ restaurants were there in the avenue? 2.- ___________ were you in Margarita Island? 3.- ___________ were you this morning? 4.- ___________ color was your car? 142 Inglés Básico 12. Answer these questions with the words in parenthesis. (Conteste estas preguntas con las palabras en paréntesis) Example: How many apples were there in the refrigerator? (Six) There were six apples in the refrigerator. 1.- How many students were there at the game? (Many) __________________________________________________ 2.- How many parks were there near your house? (Two) __________________________________________________ 3.- How many pencils were there on the table? (Three) __________________________________________________ 4.- How much sugar was there in your coffe? (Little) __________________________________________________ 143 Inglés Básico Vocabulary / Vocabulario Beautiful Bello – Bonito Bolivarian Bolivariana Classroom Aula de clase Country País – Campo Desk Escritorio Dictionaries Diccionarios Engineer Ingeniero Farmer Granjero – Agricultor Fruit Fruta Happy Feliz Home Hogar House Casa Lawyer Abogado Liberator Liberador Library Biblioteca Nurse Enfermera Park Parque Party Fiesta People Gente Republic República Restaurant Restaurante School Escuela Square Plaza Tall Alto University Universidad Yard Patio 144 Inglés Básico Yesterday Ayer Last week la semana pasada Last month el mes pasado Last Sunday el domingo pasado Last night anoche Last year el año pasado This morning esta mañana Live Vivir Help Ayudar Liberate Liberar Be born Nacer (Was/Were) Born Nació/Nacieron 145 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación A) Answer in affirmative form. (Conteste en forma afirmativa) Example: Were they in the school? Yes, they were in the school. 1.- Was Susan a nurse? _____________________________ 2.- Were they at the university? _____________________________ 3.- Were we in Mérida last sunday? _____________________________ 4.- Was the dog in the street this morning? _____________________________ B) Answer in a complete negative form. (Conteste en forma negativa) Example: Was Susan an accountant? No, she wasn’t an accountant. 1.- Was Sara a good player? _____________________________ 2.- Were the men in the restaurant? _____________________________ 3.- Was he a farmer? _____________________________ 4.- Were Angel and Dorys engineers? _____________________________ 146 Inglés Básico C) Complete the dialogue, use these forms: was - were - wasn’t - weren’t (Complete el diálogo, use estas formas: was - were - wasn’t - weren’t) Example: He was a good student last year 1.- They _______ in class last week. 2.- Maria and Pedro ____________ good lawyers 3.- Vicente _______ a Mathematic teacher in this school 4.- We ________ here yesterday D) Answer in affirmative form. (Conteste en forma afirmativa) Example: Were you here yesterday? Yes, I was here yesterday. 1- Was there a picture on the wall? __________________________________ 2- Were there many workers in the company? __________________________________ 3- Was there a book on the table? __________________________________ 4- Were there many classrooms in the school? __________________________________ 147 Inglés Básico E) Answer in negative form. (Conteste en forma negativa) Example: Was there a tall man near here? No, there wasn’t a tall man near here. 1. Were there students sitting on the chairs? __________________________________ 2. Were there any erasers on the desk? __________________________________ 3. Was there a cat at the home? __________________________________ 4. Was there a car in the garage? __________________________________ F) Read the following paragraph and answer the questions. (Lea el siguiente parrafo y conteste las preguntas) Simón Bolivar was the Liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. He helped to liberate others latinoamerican nations. He was born in Caracas on July 24th in 1783. Example Who was Simon Bolivar? He was the Liberator of Venezuela. 1.- Where was Simon Bolivar born? ___________________________________________________________ 2.- When was he born? ___________________________________________________________ 148 Inglés Básico 3.- Was Simon Bolivar the Liberator of Ecuador an Peru? ___________________________________________________________ 4.- Was Simón Bolívar the Liberator of Mexico? ___________________________________________________________ 149 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A) 1.- Yes, she was a nurse. 2.- Yes, they were at the university. 3.- Yes, you were in Mérida last Sunday. 4.- Yes, the dog was in the street this morning. B) 1.- No, she wasn’t a good player. 2.- No, they weren’t in the restaurant. 3.- No, he wasn’t a farmer. 4.- No, they weren’t engineers. C) 1.- Were 2.- Were 3.- Was 4.- Were D) 1.- Yes, there was a picture on the wall. 2.- Yes, there were many workers in the company. 3.- Yes, there was a book on the table. 4.- Yes, there were many classrooms in the school. E) 1.- No, there weren’t students sitting on the chairs. 2.- No, there weren’t erasers on the desk. 3.- No, there wasn’t a cat in the house. 4.- No, there wasn’t a car in the garage. 150 Inglés Básico F) 1.- He was born in Caracas. 2.- He was born on July 24th 1783. 3.- Yes, he was. 4.- No, he wasn’t . 151 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a ten line paragraph about your last vacation, using the past form of to be (was – were – there was – there were). 152 Inglés Básico Unidad IX Ordenes, ubicación y dirección Objetivo Terminal Expresar en inglés, oraciones relacionadas con las direcciones y
ubicaciones de personas y lugares, en forma oral y escrita. Contenido - Oraciones imperativas - Direcciones y/o localización - Preposiciones: in, on, under, behind, between, close to. Información de la unidad En esta unidad se tratarán los siguientes puntos:  Las oraciones imperativas, las cuales se utilizan para dar órdenes y prohibiciones. Ej.: Sit down, please (Siéntese por favor) Don’t smoke in class (No fume en clase)  Expresiones para localizar lugares y dar direcciones. Ej.: Where is the house? (¿Donde está la casa?) It’s on second street. (Está en la segunda calle?) 153 Inglés Básico Grammar / Gramática Command sentences (oraciones imperativas)  En inglés el imperativo se construye con la forma infinitiva del verbo sin la partícula To.  En una oración imperativa el sujeto es siempre You, pero no se escribe ni se dice.  El imperativo se usa para dar órdenes, direcciones y prohibiciones. Read the following sentences (Lea las siguientes oraciones): • Sit down. (Siéntese) • Be here at 7:30 (Esté aquí a las 7:30) • Don’t be late. (No llegues tarde) • Call Mary. ( Llama a Mary) • Don’t smoke in class. (No fumes en clase) • Do not throw the litter on the street, pick it up. (No lances el envase en la calle, recógelo) • Watch out ! (Ten cuidado) 154 Inglés Básico Imperatives: AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE Affirmative Base of verb Complement • BE here at 7:30 • CALL Mary • SIT down Negative Do not / Don’t + Base form of verbs Do not throw litter on the street Don’t smoke in class! 155 Inglés Básico Locate people and places (Ubicar personas y lugares) Para pedir información acerca de la ubicación de personas y lugares, se puede usar where al preguntar. Question Answer Where is the restaurant ? On Bolívar Av. (¿Donde está el restaurant?) Where is Mary ? (En la Av. Bolívar) At the bank. (¿Donde está Mary?) (En el banco) Where are you? We’re at the supermarket. (¿Donde están ustedes?) (Estamos en el supermercado) En las respuestas se usan las preposiciones de lugar: on, at. El primero se utilize para referirsen a calles o avenidas y el Segundo se emplea para referirse a establecimientos. Contraction: Where is = Where’s (Donde está?) Example: 1. The hospital is on Páez Street. (El hospital está en la calle Paez) 2. The library is on Bolívar Avenue. (La biblioteca está en la avenida Bolívar) 156 Inglés Básico Exercises Exercise 1 Fill the blanks with an affirmative or negative imperative sentence. (Rellene los espacios con una oración imperativa, afirmativa o negativa) Turn drink drive Leave wear look Example: Wear the seat belt. 1. ___________ and drive. 2. ___________ left. 3. ___________ at the picture. 4. ___________ carefully. 5. Mr. López isn’t here right now. _________ a message. Exercises 2 Answer the following questions. Use on – at. . (Responda las siguientes preguntas. Use on – at) 157 Inglés Básico Example Where’s the post office? It’s on Páez Avenue. 1. Where’s the library? _____________________________________________________________ 2. Where’s the police station? _____________________________________________________________ 3. Where’s the department store? _____________________________________________________________ 4. Where’s the school? _____________________________________________________________ Practice these dialogues. (Practique estos diálogos) 1) A: Excuse me, is the hotel near here? B: I’m sorry. I don’t know. A: Thanks. A: Excuse me, is the Mercantil Bank near here? B: Yes it is. It’s on Libertad Avenue. A: Thank you. A: Where’s Jane? B: I don’t know. A: Where’s Peter? B: He’s at the INCE 2) 3) 158 Inglés Básico Locations in a building Nota: Para indicar ubicaciones dentro de un edificio se utilizan las siguientes expresiones: Upstairs Arriba Downstairs Abajo Over there Por allá Down the hall on the right Bajando por el pasillo a la derecha Down the hall on the left Bajando por el pasillo a la izquierda In that way En esa vía / en ese camino Practice these dialogues. (Practique estos diálogos) 1. A: Where are the restrooms? B: Over there. A: Thanks. 159 Inglés Básico 2. A: Where’s the exit? B: It’s down the hall on the right. A: Thanks. 3. A: Where is the cafeteria? B: It’s downstairs. A: Thanks. 4. A: Where are the elevators? B: That way. A: Thanks. Expressions for giving directions. (Expresiones para dar direcciones) How do I get to the school? (¿Como llego a la escuela?) - Go straight. (Siga derecho) - Walk down. (Camine) - Turn right. (Cruce a la derecha) - Turn left. (Cruce a la izquierda) - It’s on / at the corner. (Está en la esquina) - It’s between………. (Está entre…..) - One block. (Una cuadra) 160 Inglés Básico Exercise 3 Give directions. Look at the map and read the conversation below. (Dé direcciones. Observe el mapa y lea la conversación de abajo) A. Excuse me, how do I get to the department store? B. Walk down third Avenue until you get to Washington Street. Then turn right at the corner. Go straight. Walk one block. The department store is on the left. A. Where’s the school, please? B. It’s on the Third Avenue, between Lincoln and Main Street. A. How can I get there, please? B. Walk down Washington Street up to Third Avenue turn right and walk one block. It’s on the left at the corner of Main Street and Third Avenue. 161 Inglés Básico Exercise 4 Answer the following questions. (Conteste las siguientes preguntas) 1. a) Where’s the Japanese Restaurant? _________________________________________ b) How can I get there please? _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ 2. a) Go down Third avenue to Lincoln street, turn right. It’s between Third Avenue and Fourth Avenue, on the right what is it? ______________ _______________________________________________________ Exercise 5 Match each sentence from the left with its corresponding advice. (Seleccione la alternative correcta) 1- I have a headache 2- I worry too much a) go to the dentist b) practice with friends 3- I can’t speak English very well 4- I feel tired everymorning c) go on a diet 5- I’m overweight e) take it easy d) take some aspirin 162 Inglés Básico Preposition of place (Preposiciones de lugar): Usamos las preposiciones de lugar (in, on, under, betwee ) para decir donde está algo o donde se realiza una actividad. Una preposición viene antes de un sustantivo, seguido generalmente por un verbo Prepositions: IN, ON, UNDER, BETWEEN ON UNDER IN BETWEEN Excercise 6 Write sentences using the prepositions given. (Escriba oraciones usando las preposiciones dadas) Example: Your hat is on the table. The pen is under the sofa. The car is in the garage. 163 Inglés Básico The hospital is between Third and Fourth Avenue 1. ________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________ Excercise 7 Practice orally. Making substitution from the box What’s the problem? A- Oh, no ! What’s wrong? B- What’s the problem? What’s the matter? Thanks A- I lost my umbrella. Thank you B- It’s over there on the table Under the table in the closet A- Oh, thanks a lot B- You’re welcome Don’t mention it 164 Inglés Básico Vocabulary Stand up Go to the board Sit down Raise your hand Open your book Close your book Look at the picture Turn right Turn left Get to Go straight Worry Watch out Pick it up Take it easy I don’t know Overweight Tired Umbrella Exit Near Bank Post office Supermarket Gym Disco Hospital Library Theatre Restaurant Police station Párese Vaya a la pizarra Siéntese Levante su mano Abra su libro Cierre su libro Mire el cuadro Cruce a la derecha Cruce a la izquierda Llegar a Vaya derecho Preocuparse Cuidado Levántalo Tómelo con calma Yo no sé Sobre peso Cansado Sombrilla Salida Cerca de Banco Oficina postal Supermercado Gimnasio Discoteca Hospital Biblioteca Teatro Restaurant Estación de policía 165 Inglés Básico Self-evaluation / Autoevaluación A) Match the sentences 1- You get into a taxi 2- A father to his son a-“Give me my exam, please” b-“I love you very much son” 3- A man stops you on the street 4- A student says to his teacher c- “Excuse me, what time is it?” d- “Take me to the airport, please” B) Translate to Spanish this paragraph. (Traducir al español este parrafo) My name is Carmen Ruíz. I’m from Guárico. I live there, on Miranda Avenue # 15. I work at the INCE Guárico. I can get there by bus because it’s far from my house. C) Fill the blanks with the prepositions. (Llene los espacios en blanco con las preposiciones) Example: The car is in the garage. 1. The keys are _________ the table. 166 Inglés Básico 2. The bank is __________ the post office and the restaurant. 3. The cat sleeps ________ the bed. 4. The bird is ____________ the cage. 5. The books are _________ the shelf. 6. The knives are _________ the drawer. 167 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A) 2.b 3.c 4.a B) Mi nombre es Carmen Ruíz. Yo soy de Guárico. Yo vivo allá, en la Avenida Miranda # 15. Yo trabajo en el INCE Guárico. Yo puedo allá en autobús porque está lejos de mi casa. D) 1.- On 2.- Between 3.- Under / on 4.- In 5.- On 6.- In 168 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a short paragraph about locations of objects in your office, room or house: 169 Inglés Básico Unidad X Auxiliar Did, pasado simple Objetivo Terminal
Construir oraciones en inglés en forma oral y escrita en pasado simple, utilizando el auxiliar Did. Contenido Uso de auxiliar Did, tiempo pasado simple. a) Estructuras interrogativas b) Esctructuras afirmativas c) Estructuras negativas d) Contracciones Información de la Unidad El auxiliar Did se usa en Inglés para interrogar, afirmar y negar en pasado simple. Cuando utilizamos el auxiliar Did para interrogar, la oración queda en pasado y el verbo que se use en la oración siempre tendrá que estar en presente simple. Example: Did they see Patricia at school? Mientras que cuando respondemos en forma larga afirmativa, el verbo que se use en la oración siempre tendrá que estar en pasado simple y debemos obviar el auxiliar Did. La respuesta corta, en cambio, exige la presencia del auxiliar Did. 170 Inglés Básico Example: Did they see Patricia at school? Respuesta larga: Yes, they saw Patricia at school. Respuesta corta: Yes, they did. y cuando el auxiliar Did se use en una respuesta negativa larga, el verbo tendrá que estar en presente simple. Example: Did they see Patricia at school? Respuesta larga: No, they didn’t see Patricia at school. Respuesta corta: No, they didn’t. Contracción: Didn’t = Did not 171 Inglés Básico Grammar / Gramática Regular Verbs/ Verbos Regulares 1. 2. 3. 4. Infinitive + Ed Talk + ed infinitive + D Like + D Infinitive – y = talked = liked + ied cry = cried Infinitive + double final consonant + ed Stop = stopped Irregular Verbs/ Verbos Irregulares Infinitive Be Become Begin Bring Build Buy Come Do Drink Drive Eat Find Read Say See Sell Send Shut Sleep Speak Spend Past Was / were Became Began Brought Built Bought Came Did Drank Drove Ate Found Read Said Saw Sold Sent Shut Slept Spoke Spent Infinitive Get Give Go Have Make Leave Learn Know Keep Meet Pay Put Stand Take Teach Tell Think Understand Wear Write 172 Past Got Gave Went Had Made Left Learnt Knew Kept Met Paid Put Stood Took Taught Told Thought Understood Wore Wrote Inglés Básico Affirmative and Negative: Subject I You He She We they Verb Went Didn’t go Did not go Complement To the supermarket Yesterday To the bank Last Saturday there Last night Questions Auxiliary Verb Did Didn’t Subject He She We They You I Verb Go Complement There Last week? Last month? Last night? Last year? At 9:00? Yesterday? Examples: Short Answers Yes, (I) did. No, (she) Didn’t. Long Answers: Yes, I went to the supermarket yesterday. No, I didn´t go to the supermarket yesterday. 173 Inglés Básico Exercises Exercise 1 Read the following story. (Lea el siguiente cuento) Part I Alice and Pedro are on vacation. It’s 10:00 at night. They’re on a very dark and lonely country road. Suddenly their car stops. Alice What’s wrong with the car? Pedro: I don’t know . Alice: Did you put in any gas today? Pedro: I put some in this afternoon. Alice What are we going to do? Pedro: I’m going to find a phone. Alice: I’m going with you. Pedro: No, It’s freezing! Stay here, lock the door. Alice: Please, be careful. Part II Pedro comes back a few minutes later. Pedro: Alice, It’s me. Open the door. Sorry, did I scare you?. Alice: Yes, you did! Did you find a phone? Pedro: No, but I found a hotel. I went around the corner up there and saw it. They have a room for tonight. We can call a garage tomorrow. Come on! Part III They’re in the hotel room. Pedro goes into the bathroom. There’s a noise outside. Alice: Pedro! Did you hear that? 174 Inglés Básico Pedro: What? Alice: I heard something. A strange noise. Pedro: I didn’t hear anything. Alice: You were in the bathroom. Pedro: Alice: Yes, and there aren’t any towels. I’m going down to the front desk. O.K. Pedro: Don’t worry; Alice. I’m not frightened. Pedro: Alice! Alice: What’s the matter? Pedro: I went outside… and I saw someone in the hall. He was wearing a long black coat, like count Dracula. He had two big teeth, and…. Alice: This isn’t funny, Pedro. Pedro: He was there! I saw him. He went around the corner and I went after him. But there wasn’t anyone there. Alice: What? There wasn’t anyone there? Pedro: That’s right. I didn’t see anyone. Ssh! Did you hear that? Alice: It’s that same noise again. Pedro: Come one, I’m not staying here. Let’s go. Part IV They are at the front desk Alice: Pedro: Pedro, look. It’s a Halloween* party And there’s count Dracula! Come on, We’re staying! * Halloween is a popular festival that takes place on October 31. Many people wear strange, frightening, or funny costumes. There are parades, dances, and parties in many places. 175 Inglés Básico B. Read again and answer these questions. (Lea de nuevo y conteste estas preguntas) Example: Did Pedro put in any gas today? Yes, he put some gas today. 1. Did he find a phone? 2. What did he find? 3. What did Alice hear? 4. Where was Pedro? 5. What did Pedro see? 6. What did Pedro and Alice see at the front desk? 7. How is this party called? 176 Inglés Básico Exercise 2 Write negative and affirmative answers to these questions. (Escriba respuestas negativas y afrimativas a estas preguntas) Example: Did you drink coffee with breakfast this morning?  Yes, I drank coffee with breakfast this morning.  No, I didn’t drink coffee with breakfast this morning. 1. Did you eat eggs for breakfast this morning? 2. Did he walk to school today? 3. Did she drive home this morning? 4. Did they come to work yesterday evening? 5. Did we read the newspaper this morning? 177 Inglés Básico Exercise 3 A. Write negative sentences. Use the words in parenthesis. Escriba oraciones negativas. Use las palabras en parentesis. Example: I woke up at 8:30 (8:15) I didn’t wake up at 8:15 1. They swam 400 yards. (800 yards) 2. The lesson began at 9:00. (9:10) 3. They drank tea (milk) 4. He ran 100 yards (400 yards) 178 Inglés Básico Vocabulary A / an Be careful Call Car Come back Corner Count Country Dark Door Few Freezing Front desk Fuel Funny Garage Gas Hall Halloween Here Know Later Lock Lonely Minutes Night Noise Open Outside Party Put Road Stay Scare Story Teeth Today Towel Vacation Very With Wrong Uno, una Tener cuidado Llamar Carro Regresar Esquina Conde Campo/ país Oscuro-a Puerta Poco Congelado Recepción Combustible Chistoso, gracioso Garage/taller Gasolina Pasillo Fiesta de brujas Aquí Saber, conocer Más tarde Cerrar con seguro Solitario-a Minutos Noche Ruido Abrir Afuera Fiesta Colocar Camino Quedarse Asustar Cuento Dientes Hoy Toalla Vacación Muy Con Equivocación, problema 179 Inglés Básico Self – evaluation / Autoevaluación A.- Answer the following questions. Use complete answers. (Conteste las siguientes preguntas. Use respuestas completas) Example: What time did María get up this morning? She got up at six o’clock this morning. 1. Did José have eggs for breakfast? 2. Did you go to school last week? 3. What did they play yesterday? 4. Did your father watch TV last night? B. Read (Lea) Last night Carol stayed at home. She read a novel until 12 P.M. It was late and she was tired so she went to bed. In the morning she got up early, at 7 a.m. she watched TV for 15 minutes. Then she had juice, coffee, bread, and cheese at home. It was Saturday and schools are closed on Saturdays. At 8 a.m. she went to the library. Carol is a good student. 180 Inglés Básico Write true or false. If you write false, write the true information. (Escriba verdadero o falso. Si escribes falso, suministra la información verdadera) Example: F Carol was in the library yesterday evening. Carol stayed at home yesterday evening. 1. She read a novel yesterday. 2. She went to sleep last night about 10 p.m. 3. Today she had coffee and juice at school. 4. She went to the library in the morning. 5. She watched TV today for two hours. 181 Inglés Básico Answers to Self-evaluation / Respuestas a la Autoevaluación A.1. Yes, he had eggs for breakfast. No, he didn’t have eggs for breakfast. 2. Yes, I went to school last week No, I didn’t go to school last week. 3. They played (baseball) yesterday. 4. Yes, he watched TV last night. No, he didn’t watch TV last night. B. 1. 2. T F She went to sleep last night about 12 p.m. 3. F She had coffee and juice at home. 4. 5. T F She watched TV today for 15 minutes 182 Inglés Básico Written Work / Trabajo Escrito Write a 10 line paragraph about a what you did yesterday. ( Escribe un párrafo de diez (10) líneas. 183 Inglés Básico Prueba de revision final Unidades I al X 184 Inglés Básico I. Arrange the following sentences. (Organice las oraciones siguientes) Example: at – at – 3 o’clock – she – ten – is – usually – home She usually is at home at three o’clock. 1) in – August – takes – always – vacation – she ___________________________________________________________ 2) an – has – Helen – to – wear – uniform ___________________________________________________________ 3) she – English- everyday – work – practices – at ___________________________________________________________ 4) the – working – is – in – office – the – secretary ___________________________________________________________ II. 185 Inglés Básico Read about Richard Gere and Cindy Crawford, then write the answers of the following questions. (Lea acerca de Richard Gere y Cindy Crawford, luego escriba las respuestas a las siguientes preguntas) Example: What does Richard Gere do? He’s an actor. 1. What does Cindy Crawford do? _____________________________________________________________ 2. Name some of his films. _____________________________________________________________ 3. Are they married? _____________________________________________________________ 4. Where do they live? _____________________________________________________________ Answer the following questions. (Conteste las siguientes III. preguntas) Example: Do you go to the beach every weekend? No, I don’t. / Yes, I do. 1. Does Alice write books? _____________________________________________________________ 2. Do they usually eat in a restaurant? _____________________________________________________________ 3. Does he eat chicken everyday? _____________________________________________________________ 186 Inglés Básico 4. Did he work in the office yesterday? _____________________________________________________________ 5. Did you go to school last week? _____________________________________________________________ 6. Are you a good student? _____________________________________________________________ 7. Is Merly a nurse? _____________________________________________________________ 8. What are you doing? _____________________________________________________________ 9. Are you studying English? _____________________________________________________________ IV. Change to question the following sentences. (Cambie a pregunta las siguientes oraciones) Example: I was born in 1961 When were you born? 1. She plays tennis every Saturday. _____________________________________________________________ 2. They worked late last night. _____________________________________________________________ 3. He is going to school. _____________________________________________________________ 4. They are cleaning the office. _____________________________________________________________ 187 Inglés Básico V. Look at the map, then answer the following question: How can I get to the Police Station? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 188 Inglés Básico Clave de respuesta de la prueba de revisión final 189 Inglés Básico Part I 1. She always takes vacations in August 2. Helen has to wear a uniform 3. She practices English at work everyday 4. The secretary is working in the office Part II 1. She is an actress 2. Pretty woman, Yanks, etc. 3. Yes, they are 4. They live in USA Part III 1. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. 2. Yes, they do. No, they don’t. 3. Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. 4. Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 5. Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. 6. Yes, I am. No, I am not. 7. Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. 8. I’m studying, playing….. 9. Yes, I am. No, I’m not. Part IV 1. Does she play tennis everyday? 2. Did they work late last night? 3. Where he is going? 4. What are they cleaning? 190 Inglés Básico Part V Go straight ahead Washington Street. On the second block turn right to Third Avenue. Walk down Third Avenue, then turn left on the second block to Lincoln Street. The Police Station is on the right. 191 Inglés Básico BIBLIOGRAFÍA - BADALAMENTI V, HENNER Stanchina, C. (2000), Grammar Dimensions, form, meaning and use. Heinle & Heinle. - DU VIVIER, M, HOPKINS, A, POTTER J. (1994), Look Ahead, Teacher`s Book 1 - MAURER, J, SCHOENBERG J. (1999), True Colors Basic, Teacher`s Editor. - MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS (1994), INGLES, 7° semestre, Caracas - MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS (1994), INGLES, 8° semestre, Caracas - MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS (1994), INGLES, 9° semestre, Caracas - _________________ (S/F) Spectrum 1, Student Book, Prentice Hall Regents. - VINEY P, VINEY K, REIN D. (1993), Main Street, Student Book 1, Oxford University Press. - VINEY P, VINEY K, REIN D. (1993), Main Street Student Book 2. 192