Rangkuman Materi Un Bahasa Inggris Smp Revised

Transcript

103 2 Conjunctions Conjunctions adalah kata sambung/penghu- bung atau kelompok kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang berfungsi menghubungkan dua kata, frase, atau kalimat. Macam-macam kata hubung. 1. Because, as, since, because of, due to (se - bab), for (karena).  Contoh: Dita doesn’t go to school because she is sick. 2. And (dan).  Contoh: Yudit and Andre are doctor. 3. Although, even though, though, despite, in spite of (walaupun, meskipun).  Contoh: They still go although there is hard rain. 4. Therefore, so, so that, thus (oleh karena itu).  Contoh: The questions were so difcult there - fore, many students couldn’t do that. 5. Moreover, furthermore (lagi pula).  Contoh: Mr. Harry is very rich, moreover he is very generous. 6. Besides, in addition (selain itu, di samping itu).  Contoh: The students must do the assign- ment; in addition, they must submit it soon. 7. However (namun), but (tetapi), nevertheless (akan tetapi), yet, still (namun demikian).  Contoh: His leg is broken; however, he can nish the game.  Contoh: 1. Mother : Why do you come home late?  Ghifar : There was a school football match, Mom. …I watched it rst with my friend.  Mother : Don’t do it again without telling me before.  Ghifar : Okay, Mom. a. So c. But b. And d. Or  Jawab: (a) Percakapan tersebut bersifat causatives, maka kata so harus digunakan. There was a school football match Mom. So I watched it rst with my friend   (Karena ada pertandingan sepak bola makanya aku ber- sama teman-teman menontonnya) . 2. He felt very scared ... he saw same dogs and a huntsman with a black face and horn be - hind them coming nearer. a. when c. so b. but d. and Jawab: (a) Kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut adalah kata when (ketika) untuk menerangkan keterangan waktu. Jadi, dia merasa sangat takut ketika melihat anjing yang sama dan pemburu berwajah gelap. Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 104 3 Correlative Conjunctions Correlative conjunctions  adalah kata sambung yang memiliki pasangan masing-masing untuk menggabungkan dua buah kalimat/frase. 1. Not only … but also… (bukan hanya… tetapi juga…) Contoh: l Reptiles live not only   on the land but also in the water. l  Ariel not only   sings the song but also   composes it. 2. Either … or … (baik… maupun…) Contoh: Dewi goes to the library on Monday Desy goes to the library on Monday →  Either   Dewi or   Desy goes to the library on Monday. 3. Neither … nor … (baik… maupun… tidak) Contoh: I don’t read the newspaper. You don’t read the newspaper. →  Neither   I nor   you read the newspaper. 4. Both … and … (baik… dan … keduanya) Contoh: l She reads both  quickly and   carefully. l Both  Firda and   Gisca play tennis.  Contoh: X : What do the Olympic Games consist of? Y :The summer games and the winter games … are held every four years. a. Both c. Not only b. All d. None of  Jawab: (a) Dari percakapan tersebut diketahui ada dua sub-  jek yang dirangkai dengan and  , dalam correlative conjunction  berpasangan dengan both. The summer games and the winter games both are held every four years 4 Degree of Comparison  A. COMPARATIVES (TINGKAT LEBIH)  Ada dua cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menun-  jukkan tingkat kualitas dari kata sifat (adjective) dan kata keterangan (adverb). 1. Menambahkan akhiran –er pada adjective Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 105 dan adverb yang mempunyai 1 suku kata/2 suku kata yang berakhiran –er, –le, –ow, –y. adjective fast – faster  funny – funnier  adverb hard – harder  2. Menambahkan kata more sebelum adjective dan adverb yang mempunyai 3 suku kata atau lebih. adjective  expensive – more expen - sive adverb quickly – more quickly B. SUPERLATIVES (TINGKAT PALING) 1. Menambahkan akhiran –est pada adjective dan adverb yang mempunyai 1 suku kata/2 suku kata yang berakhiran –er, –le, –ow, –y. adjective fast – fastest funny – funniest adverb hard – hardest 2. Menambahkan kata the most   sebelum adjec- tive dan adverb yang mempunyai 3 suku kata atau lebih. adjective  expensive – the most expensive adverb quickly – the most quickly Catatan : ada beberapa adjective yang mempunyai bentuk perbandingan yang tidak tetap (irregular com- parative forms) bad good many little old far  worse better  more less older/ elder  farther/ further  worst best most least oldest/ eldest farthest/ fur- thest   Contoh:  Complete the sentence based on this table. Name Number of cars sold Mr. Hadi Mr. Jack 18 25 Mr. Hadi sells ... cars than Mr. Jack does. a. less c. fewer  b. little d. more Jawab: (a) Dari tabel dapat diketahui bahwa Mr. Hadi menjual lebih sedikit mobil daripada Mr. Jack. Lebih sedikit   dalam konteks jumlah mobil adalah barang yang dapat dihitung, sehingga kata yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut adalah kata less . Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 106 5 Tenses Tenses adalah perubahan bentuk kata kerja (verb) karena perubahan waktu dan sifat kejadi - an tertentu pada suatu konteks kalimat.  A. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (+) S + V 1  /V s/es I play badminton everyday. She plays badminton everyday. (–) S + don’t/doesn’t I don’t play badminton everyday. She doesn’t play badminton everyday. (?) Do/does + S + V 1 ? Do I play badminton everyday? Does she play badminton everyday? B. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (+) S + be (is, am, are) + V–ing I am repairing your bicycle now. He is repairing your bicycle now. They are repairing your bicycle now (─) S + be (is, am, are) + not V–ing I am not repairing your bicycle now. He isn’t repairing your bicycle now. They aren’t repairing your bicycle now (? ) Be (is, am, are) + S + V–ing?  Am I repairing your bicycle now?  Is he repairing your bicycle now?  Are they your bicycle now? C. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (+) S + has/have + V 3  I have opened the door since 7 o’clock.  He has opened the door since 7 o’clock. (─) S + has/have not + V 3  I have not opened the door.  She has not opened the door. (?) Has/have +S + V 3 ?  Have you opened the door?  Has she opened the door? D. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (+) S + has/have + been  + V-ing They have been waiting for two hours.  He has been waiting for two hours. (─) S + has/have not + been + V-ing  They have not been waiting for two hours.  He has not been waiting for two hours. Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 107 (?) Has/have + S + been + V-ing?  Have they been waiting for two hours?  Has he been waiting for two hours? E. SIMPLE PAST TENSE (+) S + V 2  She bought the bicycle yesterday. (─) S + did not + V 1  She did not buy the bicycle yesterday. (? ) Did + S + V 1 ?  Did she buy the bicycle yesterday? F. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (+) S + be (was, were) + V-ing  He was reading a book when I came.  They were reading a book when I came. (─) S + be (was, were) not + V-ing  He was not reading a book when I came.  They were not reading a book when I came (? ) Be (was,were) + S + V-ing?  Was he reading a book when I came?  Were they reading a book when I came? G. PAST PERFECT TENSE (+) S + had + V 3 He had eaten the food before his mother ar- rived. (─) S + had not + V 3   He had not eaten the food before his mother arrived. (? ) Had + S + V 3 ? Had he eaten the food before his mother ar- rived? H. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (+) S + had + been + V-ing I had been living in Japan for 2 years before I moved to Italy. (─) S + had not + been + V-ing I had not been living in London for 2 years before I moved to Italy. (? ) Had + S + been + V-ing? Had you been living in London for 2 years be- fore I moved to Italy? Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 108 I. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE (+) S + will/shall + V 1  She will borrow the book tomorrow. (─) S + will/shall not + V 1  She will not borrow the book tomorrow. (?) Will/shall + S + V 1 ?  Will she borrow the book tomorrow? J. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE (+) S + will/shall + be + V-ing  I will be coming there next week. (─) S + will/shall not + be V-ing  I will not be coming there next week. (? ) Will/shall + S + be + V-ing?  Will you be coming there next week? K. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE (+) S + will/shall +have + V 3 He will have nished this assignment by the end of this week. (─) S + will/shall not + have + V 3   He will have not nished this assignment by the end of this week. (?) Will/shall + S + have + V 3 ? Will he have nished this assignment by the end of this week? L. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (+) S + will/shall +have + been + V-ing He will have been sleeping for 2 hours before she arrives. (─) S + will/shall not + have + been + V-ing He will not have been sleeping for 2 hours before she arrives. (?) Will/shall + S + have + been + V-ing? Will h e have been sleeping for 2 hours before she arrives?  Contoh: Yemin Loyola is a Mexican girl. She ... in Indonesia since last year. She is here to study Indonesian culture in a private university in Central Java. a. is c. has been b. was d. have been Jawab: (c) “She ... in Indonesia since last year”. Ini adalah bentuk present perfect, yang maknanya telah   dan masih. Jadi, untuk melengkapinya perlu kata bantu has atau have. Karena bentuknya orang ketiga tunggal maka kata bantu yang tepat adalah has. Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 109 6 Modals Modals sering disebut juga sebagai auxiliary    karena fungsinya dalam kalimat adalah sebagai kata kerja bantu.    A. MODAL PRESENT 1. Will/to be going to (akan) Menyatakan future (untuk menunjukkan peristiwa yang akan datang dengan tingkat kepastian 90%). Contoh: it  will   rain soon. 2. Shall (akan) Bentuk future (menunjukkan peristiwa yang akan datang). Contoh: We shall   leave here next month. 3. Must/has to/have to (harus, pasti) Keharusan (tidak boleh tidak dikerjakan). Contoh: You must study hard.   4. May (mungkin, boleh) Kemungkinan sekarang (present). Contoh: He is absent. He may be sick. 5. Ought to (seharusnya) Menyatakan keharusan. Contoh: You ought to  practice a lot before the competition. 6. Can (dapat, mampu) Menyatakan kemampuan. Contoh: I can sing. B. MODAL PAST 1. Would   Bentuk  past dari will  .   Menyatakan permintaan yang lebih sopan.  Contoh: Would   you like to open the door, please? 2. Should   Bentuk  past   dari shall.   Menyatakan sesuatu yang seharus- nya dikerjakan/tidak dikerjakan. Contoh: The man should   not swim in that dangerous beach. 3. Must/had to Bentuk  past dari must.   Keharusan (tidak boleh tidak  dikerjakan). Contoh:You must/had   to study in biology class yesterday. 4. Might Bentuk  past   dari may. Menyatakan ungkapan yang lebih so- pan. Contoh: Joni might   do the exam well. 5. Could   Bentuk  past   dari can yang menya-takan kemampuan. Contoh: I could   swim.   Menyatakan permintaan yang lebih so- pan.  Contoh: Could   you open the door please? Menyatakan kebolehan/izin.  Contoh: You could   open the window. Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 110  Contoh: 1. Nurma : Hi, Kristin!  Kristin : Oh hello, Nurma. Look, this suitcase is too heavy for me... ?  Nurma : With pleasure. Well, come on let’s lift it up together. a. Would you help me, please b. How could I do it myself  c. Shall I lift it up for you d. What can I do for you Jawab: (a) Kristin hendak meminta bantuan kepada Nur- ma, maka kalimat yang tepat dikatakan oleh Kristin adalah ” Would you help me please ?” 2. ‘Would you like to have dinner with us this evening?’ ‘No, thank you. I ______ nish a report for tomorrow.’ a. must b. will c. may Jawab: (a) Suatu ‘keharusan’ yang dikerjakan di waktu sekarang, digunakan bentuk modal present    ‘must + V 1 /be.’ Jawabannya ‘I must nish a report for tomorrow’ (Saya harus menyele - saikan laporan untuk besok). 7 Nouns Nouns  adalah kata benda atau hal-hal yang dibendakan. Nouns dapat dibagi menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu sebagai berikut. 1. Countable Nouns (kata benda yang dapat dihitung). Dua bentuk countable nouns yaitu tunggal (singular) dan jamak (plural): SingularPlural One book  A car  Two books Four cars Beberapa cara untuk membentuk kata benda  jamak: CaraTunggalJamak +s setelah kata benda book car  book s car  s +es setelah kata benda berakhiran –s, –ss, –x,  –ch, –sh bu s bo  x  wat ch buses boxes watches +s setelah kata benda berakhiran –y yang diawali huruf vokal w ay  k ey  donk ey  way s key s donkey s Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 111 mengganti dengan akhiran –ies untuk kata benda berakhiran  –y yang diawali huruf konsonan butterf  ly  ba by  count ry  butter-  ies bab ies coun- tr  ies mengubah akhiran –f atau –fe menjadi –ves wol f  kni fe wi fe wol ves kni ves wi ves Karakteristik countable nouns: a. Menggunakan kata sandang a, an, a few, many, several,   some dan a lot of.  (a pen, an orange, a few things, many cars, etc.) b. Dapat diubah menjadi bentuk plural.  ( an eraser    à   many erasers ) 2. Uncountable Nouns (kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung) Contoh: water, coffee, rice, money, oil, milk, bread, butter, ink. Karakteristik uncountable nouns: a. Menggunakan kata sandang a little , much, a lot of, a great deal of, plenty of. b. Uncountable nouns dapat dijadikan countable nouns dengan cara menam- bahkan quantier   (kata petunjuk kuanti- tas dan ukuran) di depan kata benda.  - Water   → a glass of water   - Coffee  → a cup of coffee  - Rice  → a kilogram of rice c. Tidak dapat diubah ke dalam bentuk ja- mak. Yang dapat diubah jadi bentuk ja- mak adalah ukurannya. a glass of water  a cup of coffee a kilogram of rice two glasses of water  three cups of coffee two kilograms of rice Catatan:   l Kata benda yang menggunakan kata san- dang kelompok/kumpulan dianggap tunggal. -  A team of players -  A group of singers l Singular subject harus diikuti singular verb, (A team of players wins the game) sedang - kan plural subject diikuti plural verb (  A lot of  persons go to the cinema )  Contoh: Cici : I can’t nd my biology book. Does ... know where it is? Betty : Eko came here just now and took the book. He is going to get it in the afternoon. Cici : I see. a. everybody c. anybody b. nobody d. somebody Jawab: (c) Cici belum menemukan buku biologi yang dicar- inya. Dan dia bertanya adakah orang  yang tau di mana bukunya, maka kalimat yang diungkapkan oleh Cici adalah does anybody know where is it  ? Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 112 8 Pronouns Pronouns  adalah kata pengganti kata benda. Pronouns dipakai untuk menghindari adanya keambi - guan atau pengulangan kata yang janggal. Macam-macam pronouns Personal pro- nouns Possessive pronouns Reexive pronouns Relative pro- nouns Demonstrative pronouns subjectobjectadjectivespronounssubjectobjectherethere      s        i      n      g      u        l      a      r I You He She It one Me You Him Her  It one My Your  His Her  Its One’s Mine Yours His Hers - - Myself  Yourself  Himself  Herself  Itself  Oneself  Who Which That Whose Who Which That Whom thisthat      p        l      u      r      a        l  We You they Us You them Our  Your  their  Ours Yours theirs Ourselves Yourselves themselves thesethose Catatan:   Kata ganti orang ( who, whom ) Kata ganti benda ( which,that  ) Kata ganti kepemilikan ( whose ) Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 113 Exercises: 1. You can invite (he) in the party.  You can invite him  in the party. 2. This is (I) book, where is (you)?  This is my   book, where is yours? 3. Ditha will go to the shop with (we) by car. This is (we) car. The car is (we)  Ditha will go the shop with us  by car. This is our   car. The car is ours . 4. The building is very big. The building is my house.  The building which is very big is my house. 5. You have a house. Its gate is very big. You have a house whose the gate is very big. 6. I meet a girl. You help her.  I meet a girl whom you help.   7. The man wears a black shirt. The man is my brother.  The man who wears the black shirt is my brother. 8. This is my pen and (…) are your pens.  This is my pen and these  are your pens.  Contoh: 1. Sella : My uncle bought me two t-shirt and I want to give you one.  Bestha : Oh, thank you very much. How kind of you.  Sella : Don’t mention it. But ... do you want? The red one or the blue one?  Besthe : The red one, please! a. what c. which one b. whose d. whom Jawab: (c) Kata yang tepat untuk menyatakan penawaran pilihan adalah which one “yang mana” atau “pilih yang mana”. 2. Susanti : Can I have some apples, please?  Salesman: ... do you want?  Susanti : The Australian ones, please! a. How many c. Which b. How many d. What Jawab: (c) Dari percakapan diketahui bahwa salesman menawarkan ke Susanti. Untuk menawarkan pilihan, kalimat harus dilengkapi dengan kata which  artinya yang mana/mana. Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 114 9 Expressions ExpressionsHow to express it • Expressing agreement (mengungkapkan persetujuan) • Expressing disagreement (mengungkapkan ketidaksetujuan) • I agree, I quite agree, I think so, that’s a good idea. • I don’t agree, I disagree with you, I don’t think so • Expressing like (mengungkapkan suka) • Expressing dislike (mengungkapkan tidak suka) • I like, I enjoy, I’m very keen on it. • I don’t like it, I dislike, I can’t stand…, I’m not really keen on it. • Expressing ability (mengungkapkan kemampuan) • Expressing disability (mengungkapkan ketidakmampuan) • I can…, I am able…, I am capable of… • I can’t, I am not able, I am not capable. • Expressing certainty (mengungkapkan kepastian) • Expressing uncertainty (mengungkapkan ketidakpastian) • I am sure about it, I am really certain about it, no doubt, that’s my conviction. • I am not sure about it, I am not certain, there’s some doubt in my mind, I can’t make up my mind. • Expressing pleasure (mengungkapkan senang) • Expressing displeasure (mengungkapkan tidak senang) • I am very pleased with it, that’s great!, I am really delighted. • It’s unpleasant for me, I am very annoyed, I am very disappointed. • Expressing possibility (mengungkapkan kemungkinan) • Expressing impossibility (mengungkapkan ketidakmungkinan) • It is possible, perhaps…, maybe… • It is impossible Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 115 ExpressionsHow to express it How to response it Expressing gratitude (mengungkapkan terima kasih) Thank you, thank you very much, thanks, that’s very kind of you You’re welcome, not at all, don’t mention it, it was nothing, it’s a pleasure, I was glad to do it. Expressing apology (mengungkapkan permintaan maaf) I’m sorry, I’m afraid…, I do apologize That’s all right, it’s OK, no problem, never mind Asking permission (mengungkapkan permintaan izin) May I …? Could I …? Do you mind if I …? Would it be possible …? • Menerima: sure; yes, of course; certainly, go ahead, by all means, not at all. • Menolak: sorry but I …, I am afraid not, I’d rather you didn’t Expression of offering something (mengungkapkan menawarkan sesuatu) Can I help you? What can I do for you? Let me help you to…!, can I …? May I …? Would you like any help? Is there anything I can do? • Menerima: thank you; yes, please; I’d love to; that’s very kind of you, thanks; that would be very nice. • Menolak: no, thanks; I’m not sure I can; not this time, thanks; Expressing sympathy (mengungkapkan rasa simpati) Berita sedih: That’s awful!, that’s a pity!, what a pity!, how terrible!, I’m sorry to hear that!, poor you!, I express my condolence Berita gembira: I’m glad to hear that!, I’m pleased to hear that! Thank you, it’s very kind of you Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 116   Contoh: Doctor : ...? Patient : My stomach aches. Doctor : Let me see. a. What can you do for me b.. What’s wrong with you c. Why don’t you take a rest d. Why don’t you see the doctor  Jawab: (b) Pada percakapan tersebut dokter bermaksud menanyakan keadaan pasien. Pasien mengata- kan ”My stomach aches”. Kalimat ini menyatakan  jawaban dan pertanyaan dokter ”Apa yang terjadi  pada kamu”.   ”What’s wrong    with you?” adalah pertanyaan yang disampaikan kepada pasien tersebut. 10 Prepositions Prepositions adalah kata depan yang biasanya mengawali kata benda (nouns) atau kata ganti (pronouns). Prepositions berfungsi menunjukkan hubungan kata dengan sesuatu hal lain, teruta- ma tempat dan waktu. 1. At, on, in (waktu) a. At (diikuti oleh keterangan waktu)  at night, at the week end, at the same time, at the age of  …  Contoh: Cilla usually goes to school at 6 o’clock. b. On (diikuti oleh hari &tgl)  on Friday, on 28 July, on Sunday morning Contoh: I was born on 28 July. c. In (diikuti oleh jangka waktu yang lebih lama)  in March, in 1986, in summer   Contoh: I was born in 1986. 2. At, on, in (tempat) in a room, in a garden, on the oor, on the wall, at the door, at the top. Contoh: The children are playing in a garden 3. During, for, while (selama) during the rain, for six years, while we are waiting. Contoh: She has lived there for six years. 4. By, with (dengan) by car, with me Contoh: Yudi can go with me. 5. Beside (di samping), besides (tambahan) beside the tree, besides bread  Contoh: Rio stands beside the tree. We can eat bread besides rice. 6. Between (di antara dua), among (di antara banyak) between two buildings, among people Contoh: The yard is located between two buildings. We should move to among people there. Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 117   Contoh: Hello, my name is Vicky. I live with my cousins Dony and Bryan, at 60 Hyde Park Street. It is near Lakeland Street Where does Vicky lives? a. Near Hyde Park Street b. On Lakeland Street c. On Hyde Park Street d. Next to Lakeland Park Street Jawab: (c) Dari text di atas, bisa dilihat bahwa Vicky ting - gal bersama sepupunya di 60 Hyde Park Street. I live with my cousins Dony and Bryan, at 60 Hyde Park Street.   11 Question Tag Question Tag merupakan suatu kata bentuk pen- egasan kalimat yang digunakan untuk menguat- kan pendapat, yang dalam bahasa Indonesia, biasanya diartikan kan?  atau bukan? Positive sentence + Negative question tag Negative sentence + Positive question tag Contoh: You are a doctor, aren’t you?  + – The question isn’t difcult , is it?  – + Beberapa ketentuan yang dipakai: 1. Bila dalam kalimat menggunakan: a. To be, tag–nya to be. l The shops are  closed, aren’t   they? l Lucy isn’t a teacher, is  she? b. Kata kerja simple present/past, tag–nya adalah auxiliary verbs (do does, did). l Vina cleans the room,  doesn’t she? l Dodi didn’t go to school, did he? c. Kata kerja present/past perfect, tag–nya have, has, had. l The nurse has gone, hasn’t she? l The boy hadn’t slept before his moth- er come, had   he? d. Modal, tag–nya modal yang sama. l Rosa could sing, couldn’t she? 2. Bila subyek yang dipakai adalah: a. Everything, anything, nothing, some - thing, tag–nya adalah it.  l Something is missing, isn’t   it? b. Everybody, anybody, nobody, somebody, tag–nya adalah they.  l Somebody put the box, don’t   they? c. There, tag–nya tetap there.  l There was a horse, wasn’t there? Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 118 d. This/that, tag–nya it.  l This isn’t yours, is it? e. These/ those, tag–nya they.  l These are your books,  aren’t they? Catatan:   Kata seldom, rarely, barely, never, hardly, few, little,  dan no  akan menjadikan sebuah kalimat menjadi kalimat negatif, maka tag nya harus positif. Contoh: You seldom  bring the dictionary, do  you? Sinta never eats durian, does  she?   Contoh: 1. Ari : She usually travels by train, …  Adi : Yes. She prefers to go by train to bus because it’s more comfortable. a. doesn’t she? c. is she? b. does she? d. won’t she? Jawab: (a) Dalam percakapan ini diminta untuk meleng- kapi kalimat dengan question tag. Dalam question tag: Pertanyaan Tagnya  + –  – + She usually travels by train , doesn’t she ?  + – 2. Andien : You’ll have the audition next week, ...?  Delon : Yes, pray for me.  Andien : Good luck to you. a. won’t you? c. don’t you? b. will you? d. do you? Jawab: (a) Dalam percakapan ini diminta untuk meleng- kapi kalimat dengan question tag. Dalam question tag: You’ll have the audition next week , won’t you ?   + – You’ll = you will, dalam question tag bentuk negatif dari will bukan will not  , melainkan won’t  . Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 119 12 Reading Sections   Text I, No. 1 – 3   My family and I live in a new house in Surabaya on Jl. Kartini. It is a very nice house and I like it. The house has four bedrooms, one living room, and one kitchen. There are two bathrooms and one of them is next to my room. My house also has a garage. Be- side the garage, there is a small swimming pool. There is also a large garden in front of the house. 1. The text gives us information about . ... a. the writer’s family b. the writer’s house c. the writer’s room d. the writer’s kitchen Jawab: (b) Paragraf di atas menggambarkan tentang ru- mah yang dihuni oleh penulis. Pernyataan ini terdapat dalam kalimat per  - tama dan kalimat berikutnya adalah kalimat pendukung. 2. What is next to the writer’s room? a. Bathroom b. Kitchen c. Garage d. Swimming pool Jawab: (a) Ruangan yang berada di samping kamar penulis adalah kamar mandi. There are two bathrooms and one of them is next to my room (kalimat ke 3) 3. What is the kind of the text above? a. Procedures b. Recount c. Narratives d. Descriptive Jawab: (d) Paragraf di atas menggambarkan tentang rumah penulis. Ini termasuk teks deskriptif. Teks deskriptif menggambarkan karakteris- tik dari sesuatu, misalnya manusia, hewan, atau benda. Karakteristik   teks deskriptif  : 1. Introduction (informasi umum) 2. Main part (gambaran detail) Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 120 Text II, No. 4 – 6 My Holiday   Last week I went to Mount Bromo. I stayed at my friend’s house in Probolinggo, East Java. The house has a big garden with colorful owers and a small pool.  In the morning, my friend and I saw Mount Batok. The scenery was very beauti- ful. We rode on horseback. It was scary, but it was fun. Then, we went to get a closer look at the mountain. We took pictures of the beautiful scenery there. After that, we took a rest and had lunch under a big tree. Before we got home, we went to the zoo at Wonok- romo. We went home in the afternoon. We were very tired. However, I think it was really fun to have a holiday like this. I hope my next holiday will be more interesting. (  www.andrewseaton.com  ) 4. Where did the writer go last week? a. Mount Merapi b. Mount Bromo c. Mount Galunggung d. Mount Gede Jawab: (b) Jawaban dapat ditemukan dalam kalimat pertama paragraf satu. Last week I went to Mount Bromo. 5. What was seen by the writer on the morning? a. Mount Bromo b. Zoo c. Colorful owers d. Mount Batok Jawab: (d) Jawaban dapat ditemukan dalam kalimat pertama paragraf dua. In the morning, my friend and I saw Mount Batok    6. What is the kind of the text above? a. Procedures b. Recount c. Narratives d. Descriptive Jawab: (b) Teks di atas adalah jenis teks recount. Teks ini menceritakan tentang ‘apa yang telah ter-  jadi’. Tujuan dari teks recount adalah untuk mendokumentasikan kejadian-kejadian yang telah terjadi dalam satu peristiwa. Karakteristiik teks recount  adalah: infor- masi tentang tokoh, lokasi, dan apa yang ter-  jadi  (orientation), serangkaian kejadian  (a re- cord of events), pendapat/ komentar pribadi (personal comments). Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 121 Text IV, No. 7 – 8 The Legend of Banyuwangi   Once upon a time, there was a local rul- er named King Sulahkromo. The king had a prime minister named Raden Sidopekso. The prime minister had a wife named Sri Tanjung. She was so beautiful that the king wanted her to be his wife.  One day, the king sent his prime minis- ter to a long mission. While the prime min- ister was away, the king tried to get Sri Tan-  jung. However he failed. He was very angry. Thus, when Sidopekso went back, the king told him that his wife was unfaithful to him. The prime minister was very angry with his wife. Sri Tanjung said that it was not true. However, Sidopekso said that he would kill her. He brought her to the river bank. Before he kill her and throw her to the river, she said that her innocence would be proven.  After Sidopekso killed her, he threw her dead body into the dirty river. The river immediately became clean and began to spread a wonderful fragrance. Sidopekso said, “Banyu… Wangi… Banyuwangi”. This means “fragrant water”. Banyuwangi was born from the proof of noble and sacred love. (www.eastjava.com) 7. Which of the following statement is true ac - cording to the text? a. Sri Tanjung was the wife of Sulahkromo b. The King wanted to kill Sri Tanjung c. Sri Tanjung was innocence d. Sri Tanjung lied to his husband Pembahasan:   Sri Tanjung bukan istri Sulahkromo, tetapi Sidopekso (kal 3, par 1).   Bukan Raja yang ingin membunuh Sri Tanjung, tetapi Sidopekso (kal 8, par 2)   Sri Tanjung tidak bersalah (par 3)   Sri Tanjung tidak berbohong kepada sua - minya (par 3) Jawaban: c 8. What is the kind of the text above? a. Procedures b. Recount c. Narratives d. Descriptive Pembahasan: Teks di atas adalah jenis teks narativ. Teks ini berisi tentang kejadian-kejadian dalam cerita yang mempunyai masalah yang dapat meng- hibur/ mendidik pembaca. Karakteristik teks narativ : pengenalan para tokoh cerita ( orientation), puncak masalah (complication), dan  penyelesaian masalah   (resolution) Jawaban: c Downloaded from http://pak-anang.blogspot.com 122 Text III, No. 9 – 11 Fried Eggs  Ingredients:  2 teaspoons of butter  2 or 3 large eggs, depending on appetite  Salt and pepper to taste  Equipment:   A small (10”) frying pan  A spatula  Gas ring, at medium heat  Method:  First, melt the butter in the pan over medium heat.  Then, crack open the eggs into the pan and let fry until the yolks begin to harden at the edges (indicating by a lightening in the yolk colour)  Using the spatula, fip the eggs over and allow to cook ten seconds for over- easy, or up to one minute for over-hard.  Finally, add salt and pepper to taste, and serve (http://en.wikibooks.org) 9. What does the text tell us? a. How to sell fried eggs b. How to buy fried eggs c. How to make fried eggs d. How to get fried eggs Jawab: (c) Teks di atas adalah sebuah resep ma- sakan. Teks tersebut memberikan informasi bagaimana cara membuat telur goreng. 10. What is the kind of the text above? a. Procedures c. Narratives b. Recount d. Descriptive Pembahasan: Teks di atas adalah procedural text. Teks prosedur memberikan informasi bagaimana membuat atau melakukan sesuatu. Karak- teristik teks prosedur   adalah: tujuan ( the goal of the activity  ), bahan-bahan yang diper- lukan ( any materials needed  ), dan langkah langkahnya ( steps ). Tujuan dari teks di atas adalah membuat telur goreng. Ingredients (bumbu) menunjukkan bahan-bahan yang diperlukan, sedangkan Procedure (langkah) menunjukkan tentang cara membuat telur goreng. 11. The folllowing is not the equipment needed. a. A knife c. A frying pan b. A gas ring d. A spatula Jawab: (a) Peralatan (equipment) yang dibutuhkan adalah: penggorengan kecil (a small frying pan), spatula, dan kompor gas. Pisau (knife) tidak disebutkan dalam resep. 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